Method of Salaah

Q: What it is to read hamdan kaseeran tayiban mubarakan fee after ruku. Is it sunnat?

Q: I know that according to the Hanafi madhab to have a valid recitation one must hear oneselfs recitation. But what if there a surrounding noise, or during performance of salaah a surrounding noise (such as children talking etc) does start, does one still need to hear oneself ?

I came across to this statement of Nawawi but he is a Shafi scholar does the same count for the Hanafi madhab:

Al-Nawawi (may Allaah have mercy on him) said in al-Majmoo’ (3/256):  

The minimum form of reciting quietly is such that a person can hear himself if he is sound of hearing and there is no problem such as surrounding noise and the like. This is general in meaning and applies to recitation, takbeer, tasbeeh when bowing and so on, tashahhud, salaam and du’aa’, whether the prayer is obligatory or naafil; nothing of it counts unless he can hear himself, if he is sound of hearing and there is no problem. End quote. 

See: Tabyeen al-Haqaa’iq (1/127) and al-Bahr al-Raa’iq (1/356). 

Do the Hanafi scholars state the same since at the end two Hanafi books are mentioned i.e. Tabyin al Haqaiq and Bahr al Raiq ?

Q: I like reciting Surah Ikhlaas, from hadith we know that if one recites Surah Ikhlaas 3 times it equivalent to recitation of one complete Quran. I wanted to know whether surah Ikhlaas could be read:

1. In every rakath of Fardh salaat.
2. In every rakath of Sunnath salaat.
3. In every rakath of any nafil salaat
4. In every rakath during taraweeh if missed with Jamath.
5. In every rakath of Salatul Tauba, Salatul Thajjud, Witar and while offering the missed salaat.

Q: If I move my lips and tongue in my own individual namaaz but not to such an extent that I can hear myself had there to be pin-drop silence, is my salaah valid?

Q: I have read that during namaz one should focus on the words being recited. But if one does not know the meaning of those words, how is it possible to "focus" on those words? Should we imagine that we are actually "seeing" those words written somewhere, similar to focusing on text written in a book.

Q: Should the feet be kept together or apart in sajdah? All this while I used to have it together until I read in the Majlis that there is no basis for it. What should I do?

Q: Can one read something in salaah if the imaam is taking too long for example I finish read at-thiyatu or durood ebrahim then in the remainin time left, also please tell in which other parts of salaah this can be done?

Q: Please mention the different views about manner of pointing finger in tashahhud that are stated on this PDF booklet in volume 1, pages 120-135:

http://www.archive.org/details/rabdin_pdf_ara

Also when should one flatten hand on thigh, before first taslim or after both taslim?

Q: Must a Hanafi fold his hands after ruku when he prays behind a imaam who does longer zikr than ''Rabbana lakal hamd'' such as;

رَبَّنا وَلَكَ الحَمْدُ حَمْداً كَثيراً طَيِّباً مُبارَكاً فيه

Rabbana wa laka l-h'amd, h'amdan kathiran tayyiban mubaarakan fih

Q: I read in a book that if you change a letter during recitation in salaah, the salaah is broken. Such as reading the letter ت instead of  د such as at the end of Surah al Falaq reading HASET instead of HASED. But somehow when I recite HASED no matter how much I pay attention to recite it with D I hear a T sound at the end coming out. Does this still break salaah? To break salaah does it need to change meaning, if HASED is read as HASET does it change meaning?