qibla

Q: If a person prayed without using their Qibla compass, but estimated the Qibla location, but found out they prayed in the opposite direction, is their salat valid?

Q: Me and my father were in a new town at the time of salaah. My father used some kind of compass and found the Qiblah direction. The next day we found the Qiblah to be different, as my father made some kind of mistake or the compass didn’t work properly, maybe 90 degrees in different direction was what we originally faced. Must the salaah read in the wrong direction be repeated? 

Q: I would like to know how to find the qibla direction without a compass?

Q: A person made taharri for qibla and read salah, later when the salah time expired, he came to know it was the wrong qibla, does he repeat his salaah?

Q:

1. Is it permissible for a toilet in ones residence to be constructed or located in a position where once seated on the toilet, the person will be facing the direction of qiblah?

2. Is there any wrong if ones bed is placed in a position which, when lying down the persons feet will be facing qiblah?

Q: How to offer prayer on a cruise (at sea) if the direction of the Qibla is unknown?

Q:

1. When starting salah, do your hands have to be facing qiblah?

2. Will salah be valid if you start salah with your hands facing inward towards your head? One time my imam for salatul jumuah started salah and I think his hands were facing inward. What should I do in such a situation if my jumuah is invalid and I am going to have to wait for second jumuah or go catch jumuah at another masjid?

Q: Is it permissible to sit while your back is facing the Qiblah? My table and chair is in such a direction that my back faces the Qiblah. I have heard Ulama saying that one's back should not face the Qiblah since it is disrespectful.