Conditions for the validity of Salaah

Q: A book stated:

We find that many books on salat state the ending time of the Zuhr prayer and the starting time of the Asr prayer when the shadow of something is twice itself especially the books which are written by the followers of the Hanafi school of thought.

But this contradicts the above hadith as on the first day Jibreel asked Prophet Muhammad (s) to pray Asr when the shadow of everything was equal to itself. This means that was the end time of Zuhr prayer. And we already know that all the ulamas of the Muslim Ummah agree unanimously that no prayer can be offered before its time.

Imam Abu Hanifa (Rahmatullah Alai) is reported to have changed his opinion before he passed away, and prayed his Asr prayer according to the time stated in this hadith. His two students, Imam Abu Yusuf and Imam Muhammad, used to give Fatwas for the time of Asr prayer according to this hadith, too.

(Fatawa Azeeziah, Fatawa Rasheediah)

Q: I wanted to know what is the earliest duration between exactly sunset and esha (1h15 minutes or 1h 20 minutes)?  The reason for asking this question is that there is a site called islamic finder that has salaah times which seems to be very accurate and wanted to use it.

Q: I recently heard from a Moulana whose name I will not mention and he does Hajj classes that when you are flying to Mecca for Hajj then:

1. In the Plane you can sit in your seat a read your namaaz as you are flying North and facing Qibla! Can this be done?
2. When making wudhu in the plane you can make massah over your woollen socks! Can this be done?
3. If you make wudhu in your room and then go to the Harem and you then break wind or go toilet your wudhu does not break due to the massive amounts of people in the Harem and it would be highly inconvenient to go and try to make wudhu again in the Harem! Is this a correct statement?

Q: Is Salaah valid if a man reads in a tight fitting outfit?

Q: In a answer i read that if someone forgets one of the shurut of salaah such as having wudhu, facing qibla,  and prays, then if he remembers before the time of that prayer expires it is fard to reap it, but if he remembers after the has expired it is mustahab to repeat. Please give your input.

س: في أحد المواقع الديوبندية قرأت هذا:

A divergence of up to 45 degrees to the left or right of the true direction of the Qiblah is overlooked.  If one performed Salā hh facing beyond 45 degrees from the true direction of the Qiblah, then that salāh will be invalid.

و استند الشيخ فراز بن آدم المحمودي (تلميذ إبراهيم ديسائي) في هذا الفتوى إلى : (الدر المختار من نسخة حاشية ابن عابدين ج 1 ص 427-429 أيج أيم سعيد) و إلى (أحسن الفتاوى ج 2 ص 313 أيج أيم سعيد). أحتاج إلى التدقيق في المسألة. هل فهمت صحيحا: لو وقع الصلاة بالميل عن الإتجاه الحقيقي للقبلة، و هذا الميل لا يخرج عن حدود 45 درجة من اليمين - فالصلاة في
هذه الحالة - صحيحة، و إن وقع هذا الميل عمدا؟ و كذلك عندما وقع من اليسار؟ هل فهمت صحيحا؟

Q:

1. What is the status of Salaah performed with short sleeves (shirts/kurtas)?

2. What is the reason for it being makrooh?

I heard that Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam's) under arm or to the effect became visible while in salaah due to the sleeves being broad or wide. The portion above the elbow became visible as with short sleeves.

Q: What is the latest one can start his Salaah in order that the salaah be considered as adaa'? If one starts his Salaah in the Salaah time, and during the salaah, the time ends, does the salaah get invalidated or does it count as qadha?

Q: I have a thobe that is just above my ankles when walking normally. However when I bend down or go in to ruku, the thobe covers my ankles. Is it permissible to wear such a thobe?

Q: Is it permissible for the female Muslim to be perfumed (be'd with alcohol or not) or to have lipstick while performing namaz and reciting quran?