Zakaat

Q: One year ago I got married. My wife was gifted with gold from her parents and my parents too. The gold qualifies the "nisab" amount. She is a domestic wife. First I planned to pay zakaat on the the gold in a lumpsum after one year. But being a salaried person I could not do it as per my planning. Now I intend to pay a certain portion of zakaat from my salary each month. Please guide me on how should I calculate zakaat. For example on completion of the first year, the rate of gold was different from now.

Q: My friend is about to undergo surgery and prior to surgery, she wants to give sadaqah to her metarnal grandmother as she is needy too.

Whatever is spent on one's family is the best sadaqah but we never intend to count it as sadaqah before spending. We just simply fulfill their needs. Can we make the niyyat of sadaqah before spending on my children, husband or other family members?

Q: I know that zakaat should be paid annually, so I usually pay my zakaat on 22 Zul Hijjah every year. This year, I wish to pay my zakaat in Ramadhaan. Is this permissible, even though one full year has not passed, or do I have to wait until 22 Zul Hijjah again?

Q: I would like to know if paying zakaat through the following service is permissible: http://nzf.org.au 

Q: I bought a plot but I did not got possession of it. Can you advise me if I have to pay zakaat on this plot?

Q: Can I pay my zakaat to help poor people have a tube well (for drinking water), build a house for them or help a father to do necessary expenses for his daughter's marriage. 

Q: I wrote my gate exam. If I get qualified or get a rank then I will get a monthly stipend for my m.tech, around 12 500. Do I have to pay zakaat on that money?

If yes, then tell me the procedure. I mean is it compulsory on me to search for a needy person and give him or can I give it to anyone? Can it be added to an investment for the welfare of people/community by saving for public requirements in villages like for well, hospitals etc.?

Q: I had an agreement with a government department since 2004 to supply them with parts (quantity of 30) and they took 15 parts from me in 2005. They did not pay the amount for the 15 parts. The remaining quantity was held up in our stock.

After about 14 years, now they picked up the remaing quantity of 15 parts, and then they paid the whole amount of 30 parts.

Is zakaat due on this money when it is received? Or is zakaat due on the last 14 years?

Q: Can I give sadaqah to one of my poor sisters. I have one married sister, she is a heart patient and needs to get medicines every month. Her husband is alive and works but the financial situation is very bad. Her one son is in boarding school and they often find it hard to deposit fees for him.

I decided to give 10% of my earning every month as sadaqah to them, is it permissible?

Q: Is it permissible for a sister to pay zakaat to her brother who is 25 years old, not working and not married but living with his mom and dad. However, the father is very strict and does take care of his basic needs like food and shelter?