Upbringing and Tarbiyah

Concern for the upbringing of one's children

Q: My husband, three children and I live in a town where there are no proper mosques. I have been trying to convince him to move to a place where my children can regularly go to mosque and learn the Quraan. I have been trying for the past fifteen years but he refuses to move. I am very worried for my children as they are surrounded by non-muslim friends. My husband plans to take the children back home to visit every 2/3 years and says that they can pick up the culture from there. What does Islam say about this?

Parenting

Q:

My first question is: In Islam, when does a child have the right to go outside and maybe socialise or even go to the mosque and come back by themselves. Say a general ruling for maybe a boy who is 13-14 years old.

My second question is: Up to what extent is an older sibling allowed to punish a younger sibling i.e. corporal punishment or verbal? 

My third question is: If your parents say something like "I don't care about what sunnah or fatwah says, it's about what I say! It's about me!" how do you respond in a respectful way.