Qasar Salaah and Full Salaah

Q: I have read a fatwa of Darul Uloom Deoband that Makkah and Mina are separate places till the day of judgement and also opinion of yours is same. So as there is another opinion which states now Mina is part of Makkah (only for prayer to be full or Qasar).

1. Does that mean that the fatwa which says stay in Makkah before Haj is calculated is intact and will not change?

2. I also came to know that these are differences in fiqhi masaail and it has been there since the Sahaaba, so one should follow anyone and shouldn't object to others.

3. Will a person be sinful if he follows anyone?

Q: A person went to a city intending that he will stay there for 14 days and was performing qasar salaah alone until he noticed his wife and mother were performing full salaah. He told them that their stay in the city was 14 days and they should perform qasar salaah.

1. Is it correct?

2. I also heard that the intention of a man is counted if he is with his family. Is it correct?

Q: A person stays and works for 11 months at a place which is 172 kilometers away from his home. He comes home to visit after one or two weeks. Does he have to perform full salaah at his work place or salaah of a traveller? 

Q: If musaafir performs two rakaats and someone tells him we should pray four. Due to confusion he reads four again. Which one is counted?

Q: I went to Durban for 17 days. I read qasar salaah for the first 7 days. When I realized my mistake, I read full salaah for the next 10 days. How do I correct the salaah of the 7 days?

Q: I stay in Durban but my parents stay in Newcastle. Every school holiday I go to visit them for about 2 weeks. Will I be considered a musafir when I am in Newcastle?

Q: I've travelled from Mumbai to Jaipur (distance 1150 km) on 30th Aug 2019 on an official visit and my stay will be till 14th Sep (total of 15-16 days). Insha-Allah on 2nd Sep I'll be going to Ajmer for 1 day on a personal visit (distance 135 km) and shall come back on the same day to the same hotel. After coming back I'll stay upto 14th Sep for offical work.

After arrival in Jaipur, should I offer qasar namaaz as per hanafi school of belief?

Q: I travel 100 km in the morning and come in the evening. I pray zuhar and asar there... Should I pray qasar?

Q: I am working in Delhi, India for the last ten years and residing here only. Now, on a few occasions, 2 or 3 times a year, I visit my hometown which is more than 700 kms away. I go there for 12 days. Should I offer qasr namaz or full namaz?

Q: If a person sets out on a journey to a certain place. There are two different routes that he can take to reach his destination. The first route is less than 78km while the second route is more than 78km. Will such a person be considered a musaafir if he takes any of the two routes when travelling to his destination?