Partnerships

Q: What are the basic laws of a partnership and how does profit-sharing work in a partnership?

Q: I purchased a 33.3% share in a property (empty land). I paid the asking price. I decided to return my share to the Muslim brother I purchased from because I did not have additional funds to contribute towards the building. I have not as yet received any refund for my share that I returned. In the process, the Muslim brother has sold my share to somebody else and as payment accepted 2 apartments. These apartments were offered to me as payment. I refused. In the process additional building has started taking place on the property. My question is, do I have a right to take back my share considering that I have as yet not received payment for it? and 1) If no, I understand 2) If yes, at what price must I contribute towards the new building that has been happening. I know I have to contribute a third, but is the Muslim brother allowed to put a mark up on the building or not, considering that I am an equal third partner. (3 partners, muslim brother, his brother and myself.)

Q: I'm in a partnership with my cousin and I wish to exit the partnership. Is it possible for me to go into the same type of business. We have a verbal agreement that neither of us will do the same trade during or after the partnership. Please clarify whether this agreement complies with Shari'ah.

Q: My brother and I started a shop together 10 years ago. Everything has been done equally so far. If we now want to separate the partnership, can one brother buy the other brothers share by paying him 50% the amount of stock and fixtures and fittings? Please advise as to how this should be carried out.

Q: In a partnership where the profit-sharing ratio is different to the capital ratios, what is the ruling when new machinery is acquired?

Q:

1. I got an offer from somebody that if I invest some money with him, for example 100 USD then he will give me back 130USD after one month without any work. Is it halaal?

2. Somebody told me if I invest 100 USD in his website and work daily for it (I think work will be related to share his company, website or post something about his business on social media) then he will give me 130USD back after the month. Is it halaal?

3. Somebody told me if I invest 100 USD in his Business/Website and daily work for it (work is related to his advertisement) then he will give me back 200 USD means double after the month. If I do not work for them then they will give me only 20% earnings on my investment on monthly basis. Is it halaal?

4. Somebody told me if I invest 100 USD with him whether I work he will give me 30% on my investment and if I do not work then he will also pay me 30% on my investment. Is it halaal?

5. Somebody told me if I invest 100 USD with him and daily work for it (work is related to his advertisement) then he will give me 30% profit on it and if I do not work then he will not give me any profit means my earnings/profit depends on my daily work. Is it halaal?

6. Somebody told me if I invest 100 USD with him then he will give me 130% on end of month means 130 USD. There is no work for me. Now here is the question they said either they earn 1000 USD or 1 Lac USD they will give me fixed 130% and something occurs bad and if they collapse their business/website then they will give me real seed money/investment without any profit. Is it halaal?

7. If I buy 50 USD AdPack from any Website/Company and it makes 55 USD and the work is watching of 10 Ads Daily then after making of 55 USD the adpack expires (ads are related to different websites, companies, hotels etc, means related to every aspect of life). Is it halaal?

Q: Four months ago I got a business proposal from my ex boss who had asked me to become a minor partner in his new venture. Its a software compnay. The business proposal sounded promising and exciting. But since my ex boss is a Non-Muslim it caused a concerned with me. I did Isthikhara and everything looked fine. I was given much more shares of partnership than what i would have asked for without me asking for it. I took this as a positive sign of Isthikhara. I did a bit of research and asked everyone around and everyone seemed to like the idea. I was supposed to bring business and he was supposed to deliver the projects Now as business has started coming in (much lesser than what we had predicted) however he is falling short of his words and is not able to deliver as promised. He keeps telling he is working on it but there seems to be a lack of interest on his part. There seems to be a great potential for the business but his lack of interest and response has made it difficult for me as i am dependent on him for delivering the projects. I left my job for this venture and now I am stuck having no idea where to go. I prayed Isthikhara whether i should continue this business ( As of now i have no other option. I would have to search for a job) and felt good and felt like to go with it. My ex boss again made promises and said this time he is 100% sure about it. However 2-3 weeks down the line he has again failed to keep up with it stating that he is already working much more than expected.But he is not able to deliver what he had promised. I feel like telling him i dont want to work for this venture anymore due to his failure to deliver ( he would never accept his failure). But i am worried if he agrees to end this venture i would have absolutely no source of income. Apart from failure to deliver it is also his attitude which is worrying me as some times its positive and consoling and some times it negative and not interested kind. He has various business and this software venture is one of them so if he fails in this it wont effect him much. But for me this venture is the only source of livelyhood What should i do in this scenario. Should i pray Isthikhara again whether to continue this business. If i leave this business and go find some job i would become a laughing stock in the family and be labelled as some one who has failed. I jumped into this venture hoping my ex boss would deliver. Please help i have no idea where my life is going and everything looks dark. Please help.

Q: A computer program is being sold for R100. A Hindu suggests that both of us will contribute R50 each, and then one of us will buy it. Hence, one person will buy it using the pooled funds. After the purchase, the program will be copied so we both have it individually. We therefore save R50 each. Is this type of 'partnership' permissible with a kaafir?

Q: Briefly, my dad and my uncle entered into a partnership, the business was for 60000, they only had to pay 12000 initially so they took out 6000 each and the balance 48000 because the shop had stock they would pay off by selling the goods in the shop, over some time my uncle took out his share of 6000 from the shop my father did not say anything, initially it was agreed one member of his family would stay with him on the shop, this went on for only a little while, less than a year and then none started turning up, my father was looking after the shop on his own, over period of 10 years the shop was not doing well, when I started helping my dad the wholesale business which it was initially was bad, I agreed with my father that we change the business and also terminate the so called partnership, I was new blood, we worked out capital in the business with the intention of paying off my uncle, this was in 2004 when my dad talked to him my uncle said don't worry well sort out, I more or less started from zero, bought hardware goods from another relative on credit and started changing the business into hardware, gradually alhamdulillah I started doing well, numerous times I called my uncle, so did my dad and my mum that we sort this matter out, my uncle always said, have I ever asked you for anything, do you think I will do injustice with u, don't worry well sort out, and always shrugged it off and I never forced him out of respect and his promise and also because over time he had become very very rich in his own businesses, over a period of 15 years neither my uncle nor his sons ever even entered the shop or asked anything or asked for dues etc. Even when I made a big loss which everyone in town got to know including them, they didn't even ask how and why, someone ran away with my money, even when I built buildings, bought cars, changed the name of the shop, not a single question alhamdulillah by the grace of Allah I started doing well, I and my younger brother and our wives worked day and night and Allah gave barakah and now all of a sudden my uncle has passed away and after all these years the sons are asking for a share, now the business is worth millions, my dad had retired more or less as soon as I changed the business from wholesale to hardware, everything that had gone well was with my brothers and my family effort and sweat, and by the will of Allah, not a single penny of input from my uncle or his sons, my mum phoned my uncle numerous times that we terminate the partnership, this was before I had started doing well and my uncle reply was the same, that why you worried, I won't take away anything from you etc, immediately after he suddenly passed away, the sons have come running for a share but didn't care about anything from 1978 to 2015, what do I do now, if they force me to give them half of everything I have which I did from my own effort and capital and Allah's will I will take my uncle to task on day of qiyamah because he did not tell his sons what he had told me, my mum and my dad. Please advise what I should do now?

Q: My bother passed away and his five kids and widow are in my supervision. Even though I am a lady but Alhamdulillah I did my best. Alhamdulillah now my brothers property problem is also solved and Alhamdulillah they received some money. They are not capable of handling this amount. No one in relatives are responsible enough to keep this Amanath for them. And may Allah Ta'ala forgive me I don't trust anyone for their money. I don't want to keep it in the bank and collect interest on their money. So with several god fearing peoples advise I invested their money in a certain brothers clothes store. He said for every 1 Lakh Rs he will give 1 thousand as profit. He said he can give more than that because he is saving lot more in interest. He said he will fix this minimum amount. And Allah forbid if in case he has loss in his business he will sell his house and give the money back to us. I got everything in writing for my brothers widow and her children's name. Alhamdulillah this brother himself is a very pious person. And spends lots of his time besides business in Dawah work. So mufti sahib please advise me if I did it right?