Ijaarah

Charging the employee for early termination of employment

Q: I have an issue on which I need Islamic guidance. I was working in a company in Karachi whose head office is in another country. According to the company’s contract, if any employee leaves the job before completing two years, then he must pay the company two months’ salary. 

My intention was not to leave the company, but some individuals repeatedly placed accusations on me without any evidence or proof. They would write emails against me which created difficulties for me. Due to this mental stress and false accusations, I was forced to resign even though I did not want to. 

My question is: according to Shariah, is it obligatory on me to pay this amount? Because I did not leave the job by my own will or by deceiving the company, rather I was forced to resign due to their false allegations and inappropriate behavior.

Passing on lessons online to a non-mahram via messages

Q: If a female gave written lessons that she copied and wrote to a non mahram online by forwarding paragraphs of the written down lessons with the reason being like tuition or teaching and the non mahram paid her for this, is the money earned through these lessons haraam? 

Are any purchases made using that money also haraam? There was no calling involved so the non mahram did not see or hear the female and it was via messages. Sometimes the non mahram may have asked questions and the female would respond.

Keeping track of an insurance company's products and payments

Q: I work as a programmer for a company that has multiple customers like jet, Edgar's, Pep, Hollard, etc. 

Whatever the client requires, we create a program for it. 

One of our biggest systems is to create and maintain a program that allows Hollard to keep track of their customers insurance products and payments. We do not gain an income from the insurance payments but they pay us an admin fee for the use of the system. Is this considered a halaal income?

Earning money through social media tasks

Q: There is a platform where you earn money by engaging with social media—liking and following users on platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube. Every day, you're given a set number of simple social media tasks (such as following a profile or liking a post), and you're paid for completing them. 

When you first join, you're required to purchase a package—this is often referred to as an "exam" or "activation" package. The size of your daily task quota (and potential earnings) depends on the package you choose. For example, if you buy a package worth around $550, you'll receive 7 tasks per day. More expensive packages generally unlock more tasks and higher daily earnings. 

You can also boost your income through referrals. By inviting others to join CloudBoost, you earn a commission when they sign up and purchase a package. Additionally, when the people you invited start referring others, you earn a percentage of their activity as well—creating a multi-level earning structure. Is this pyramide scheme and therefore haraam?