Q: I have a few questions regarding Qurbani:
1. I am doing my qurbani in two different countries abroad. What should I do to make sure it is done correctly?
2. This might be answered in the above, but if I am doing 3 shares in one place, is telling the person who is doing the qurbani on my behalf that these are my 3 shares, is that enough?
What if those 3 shares, I am conveying the reward to multiple people (prophet Muhammad ﷺ, my dad, and me)? Then do I have to tell the person doing the qurbani on my behalf that these 3 shares are for for the reward of prophet Muhammad ﷺ, my dad, and me? Or just telling them that the shares are from me is enough?
3. Can I convey the reward of a share to multiple deceased people?
4. Can I convey the reward of a share to alive people?
What about multiple alive people?
5. Is there a difference in "conveying" the reward of a share/qurbani compared to doing the qurbani/share on "behalf" of someone? So basically is there any difference in conveying and behalf?
6. Since I am doing the qurbani abroad, is it fine if I do not know the exact features of the cow? I just know that it upholds all the rules of a valid cow for qurbani. Do I need to know anything else of the animal for qurbani?
7. Is it better for me to do multiple shares abroad (i.e. 7) compared to just doing one share locally? And I feel like doing it abroad, there are more needy people than locally.
8. If my dad discharged sadaqatul fitr on my behalf (with my permission and knowledge) and I don't pay him until a year later, is this still valid?
Is there any decrease in reward?
A:
1. Ensure that the people doing the qurbaani are reliable people and they are knowledgeable regarding the masaail of qurbaani.
2. Informing them of your three shares is sufficient. You do not need to mention to them the names of the people on behalf of whom you are doing the qurbaani.
3 & 4. Yes, it is permissible to convey the reward to multiple people, whether they are alive or deceased.
5. If someone asks you to do qurbaani on his behalf, then it is permissible for you to buy the animal for him and do qurbaani on his behalf. If someone did not ask you to do qurbaani on his behalf but you wish to convey the reward of your qurbaani to him, then this is also permissible.
6. If you get someone to purchase the animal for you, then that person will act on your behalf. You do not need to see the animal yourself. Looking at pictures of animate objects is not permissible in Islam.
7. It is better for you to do your waajib qurbaani yourself in this country and you may do some nafl qurbaani here in this country or abroad, both are permissible as there are needy people in both places.
8. Yes, it is valid. However, you should not delay in paying him back.
And Allah Ta'ala (الله تعالى) knows best.
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