Factors that make Zakaat compulsory

Zakaat on money loaned to people

Q: I am a married woman. I work from home giving extra lessons. I have loaned most of my savings money to family members. (interest free)

Do I need to pay zakaat on this money that I have loaned them?

Since I do not have much savings left; if I cannot afford the zakaat amount; will I have to sell my jewellery from my mother and my wedding jewellery to pay it?

Discharging zakaat on behalf of an Alzeimers patient

Q: Zaid has one sister. She is 75 years old and is an Alzheimers patient. Her condition is such that sometimes she is unable to recognize her own daughter, always keeps on asking about her son (she actually never had any son), and is living in the past where she thinks her husband and mother are still alive (and in reality they died many years back). She doesn't remember that she has to offer salah.

While distributing their mother's inheritance money, Zaid kept his sister's 4 lakh in his bank account as amanat. There are 5 witnesses over it. He is not using this money as he fears Allah Ta'ala. The pension she gets is enough for her basic needs. Zaid wants to know if he needs to discharge his sister's zakat from her share i.e. 4 lakh rupees, or should it remain untouched as she is not in her senses?

Zakaat on loans owed to a person

Q: I always paid zakaat on monies people owed to me regarding this as an asset. My question after listening to this mornings audio (zakaat on waived debt), does this mean I do not have to pay zakaat on monies due to me from loans given to a friend, family until such time as the money is repaid to me.