Minimum duration of postures in salaah

Q:

1. What is the minimum duration for sujood, qaumah and ruku without which salah will be invalid?

2. If one says Subhana Rabbiyal Azeem and Subhana Rabbiyal Aala once only due to time constraints and if leading salah says Sami Allahu liman Hamidah and goes to sujood, would it suffice for salah to be valid or one has to wait for muqtadees to say Rabbana lakal Hamd?

3. If while leading salah, and in ruku the imam feels by the sounds of steps or running to catch the rakat, is it permisible for the imam to prolong ruku to allow them to catch the rakat?

Seeing blood on one's clothing after Salaah

Q:

1. If one finds his garment stained with blood, would he need to repeat his salah performed while wearing that garment? (bleeding due to shaving unneeded hairs and ghusl performed after that). Would his wudu be broken due to bleeding and will the clothes be considered napak? The stain was less thn an inch in all dimensions.

2. If the salaah needs to be repeated, would only the Fard salah be repeated or sunan and nawafil as well?

Mustahab times for salaah

Q:

1. If the asr time starts at 3.57 and sun sets is at 5.32, what is the mustahab time to perform asr and when does the makrooh time start?

2. If fajr starts at 5.25 and magrib starts at 5.34 what is the mustahab time to pray esha?

3. My salah app shows that sehri or tahajjud time ends at 5.16 and fajr starts at 5.25, Can I pray tahajjud between this time? 

Marriage terminating with death

Q: I came across that death terminates marriage. But I have seen a hadith that our Nabi (sallallahu alaihi wasallam) said to Ayesha (radhiyallahu anha) that if she dies first then he will give her a bath. Also, Ali (radhiyallahu anhu) gave Fatima (radhiyallahu anha) a bath. Can you give me authentic ahaadith and proofs that death terminates marriage? In afterlife, will husband and wife would be together in jannah. So it is really confusing.

Controlling one's nafs

Q: I cannot control my nafs. It has become so difficult. Especially since I eat too much and I know that I am not hungry and I have a serious digestion problem. I know it hardens the heart but I can't stop. Not only this, in many other matters I have found that I can't control my nafs. What do I do?

Women covering their faces

Q: If the face of women and hands are not awrah then why is it compulsory to cover? Is it a major sin to show the face? You said in one answer that it is compulsory in this time of fitnah... Isn't it compulsory from the era of our Nabi (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) when the ayah came?