Using a Muslim surname

Q: Can you please advise me. I am a born muslim. My husband is a Christian, but converted to Islam when he was 5 years old. His mum married again a muslim man. Now I would like to know can my children have his non-muslim surname and be muslim or must I give them my muslim surname?

Three written talaaqs

Q: My husband gave me 1 written talaaq 8 years ago but we consummated before the iddat period. Then today he gave me 2 written talaaqs. Does it mean three talaaqs or still two. What is the procedure now. I am confused. I love him but he doesn't seem to care.

Women going out to work

Q: Muslim women are permitted to go to work by their husbands when there appears not to be a dire need. In fact, this has become such a norm that it is not even recognized as a sin. Would you be kind enough to provide proofs and an explanation as to why in Shari'ah it is not permissible in Shari'ah for a woman to leave the home to work so that I may explain to mahram females in my house about the gravity of this sin. Please also explain under what extreme circumstances may a woman leave the home to work and what conditions must she adhere to?

Discharge

Q: I was sitting and doing nothing. I didn't have any sexual thoughts but some discharge came out. I went to the bathroom and urinated and then I washed 3-4 times. My question is that am I napak because the discharge came out. I wasn't thinking about anything bad? I have been having doubts. If I did become napak but got my periods but I took a shower, will the napaaki leave or will I be napaak and if I sit and use things will they become napak?

Irregular bleeding

Q: I'm suffering from a gynecological disease and I just got a procedure done by the doctor. With that I will get irregular bleeding and a lot of brown discharge which I assume is blood. I want to know that with this bleeding can I fast during the month of Ramadan and pray. It is said that menstrual bleeding will be irregular so I'm not sure if it's menstrual bleeding or its due to the procedure done. This will go on for 3 to 6 months. Some days I get it some days I don't. Please let me know what can I do?