Consent of the wali

Q: I have a question regarding the consent of a wali in a hanfi nikah? I have done extensive research on the topic and in many instances it states that a wali is advisable but not entirely required in all circumstances. Can you clearify this for me?

Mazi

Q: Usually, when a husband and wife take pleasure from one another i.e. kissing, hugging, foreplay etc. without having intercourse a discharge emits from the private part known as Madhi (pre-ejaculatory fluid). Does ghusal become waajib if mazi is discharged?

Reciting منها خلقناكم when throwing sand in the grave

Q: Is there any authentic hadith from the books of hadith about: When throwing the first handful one should say, "Of this (i.e. the earth) We created you," and on the second one should say, "And to it shall We cause you to return," and on the third handful one should say, "And of it We shall cause you to be resurrected a second time. Please give me the references.