Holding the landlord liable for losses caused through electrical faults

Q: I would like to seek your guidance on an issue that has deeply affected me and my livelihood. 

Before signing a 3-year lease for a store, I made it a clear and non-negotiable condition that all the electrical work—plugs, lights, DB board, etc.—must be in 100% working order. Despite this, from the very first day after moving in, we were met with serious electrical problems. 

We tirelessly and continuously complained to the landlord about these issues, both verbally and in writing. On several occasions, we brought the faults to his attention, yet the repairs were either ignored, delayed, or done in an extremely poor and cheap manner. Some electricians even refused to work on the premises after assessing the condition of the electrical system, clearly indicating how bad and dangerous it was. 

We did everything within our capacity to get the matter resolved, but the landlord failed in his responsibility. Unfortunately, this ongoing negligence eventually led to a fire that destroyed my store and stock. I now suffer major losses, while the landlord is relaxed and content, knowing that his own property is insured. 

From a legal perspective, I have a very strong case against him. But before taking any action, I sincerely want to know what is the Islamic ruling in such a matter: Am I Islamically permitted to hold the landlord accountable and seek compensation for my losses, given that I clearly fulfilled my obligations, repeatedly raised my concerns, and the landlord failed to meet his end of the agreement?

Umar Suleman

Q: Recently I've seen alot of people talk about Umar Suleman and attend his talks and I've seen alot of people say that to say his part of the ulema is wrong. What is the correct way to go about this? Is he someone that can be trusted for deeni advice?

Explanation of the hadith regarding a person traveling alone

Q: There is hadith narrated by Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'Aas (radhiyallahu anhu): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: A single rider is a devil, and a pair of riders are a pair of devils, but three are a company of riders. Grade: Hasan Reference: Sunan Abi Dawud 2607 In-book reference: Book 15, Hadith 131 

I travel alone for my college which is far, so what does this hadith mean?

Gifting land to one's son during one's lifetime

Q: My grandfather has several children. He had bought some pieces of land on his 3 eldest sons' names. While he was alive he sold two of the plots of land of those two sons' marriage expenditures, but kept the third plot as it is. 

Also, my grandfather did not buy land for his remaining children, but he however left behind a house without a will. 

Now, my grandfather is no more. The 3rd plot of land was bought on my father's name and is still on his name. But my father's siblings are now asking for a share in his plot of land. 

My question is whether they are entitled to any share in my father's land?

Fidyah

Q: I like to ask you about fidyah. 

1. If you can't fast in Ramadan because of ill health, do you need to give fidyah for 30 days? 

2. Do you need to give fidyah to one person or more than one persons? 

3. Can I give fidyah to a charity organisation then they may distribute it?

Brother in law and sister in law observing strict purdah

Q: I recently heard someone say that it is permissible for the sister-in-law to not make parda from her brother-in-law when: 

1. There is no scope of fitna. 

2. When it becomes difficult for her to leave her own room for basic needs. 

My friend has recently married into a family of 6. They live in a small flat. Her brother-in- law is 6 years younger than her and she claims he is an actual replica of her brother in her maternal home. There isn't a chance that they can ever be alone. It becomes difficult for her to constantly be in her cloak, burkha and pardah the entire day almost as if she is at a guests home and not in a home that she has a right to stay in. What is the ruling regarding this?

Making dua after Eid Salaah

Q: Is it permissible to make dua after the eid salah before the khutbah, thus delaying the khutbah and not making dua at all in the second khutba? 

Did Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam, the Sahaabah. or any of the four Imams or the fuqaha of their madhabs mention making the dua between the salah and khutbah?