Oaths & Vows

Q: I promised Allah that I won’t talk to my friend first, meaning I won’t start the conversation first. Yesterday he called and I answered then we spoke. So now can I call him and talk to him or do I still have to wait for him to start the conversation. If I start the conversation will it be like breaking that promise. Some time I feel like I promised not to start the conversation ever so what should I do if I am not sure my oath. Can I talk to that friend or will it be considered as breaking the promise?

Q: A person once vowed that if certain thing happens he will never eat chicken. After that thing happened he did not fulfill his vow and ate chicken several times. He offered one expiation. Now can he eat chicken?

Q: If someone promises something to Allah in his mind without uttering it verbally, is the promise valid?

Q: If a woman says verbally that she takes an oath on the Quran without placing her hand on the Quran that she will do this and if she does not do it then her nikaah will be no more. What are the consequences on her nikaah and has the oath been taken?

Q: If someone makes a promise to Allah in his mind without verbally uttering it, will the promise be binding?

Q: I am a wife and I make serious oaths that if I do something then my nikaah is invalid with the intention of my nikaah breaking... I also make oaths that if I do not do something then my nikaah is invalid with the intention of my nikaah breaking if I break the above mentioned oaths... On numerous occasions I broke my oaths exactly like the oaths described above. Is my nikaah valid even though I broke these oaths being married and made these oaths being married?

Q: This is a three-part question related to vows/oaths. There is an individual who committed kufr (he started believing in human evolution, i.e. human beings evolved from other hominid species), but later returned to Islam.

1. The oaths that he took, and later broke, prior to committing kufr. Do these fall off (i.e. he does not have to pay kaffarah for them) because he committed kufr, and kufr wipes away all of one's past deeds (good and bad)?

2. The oaths that he took (in the state of kufr) and later broke (also in the state of kufr). Do these also fall off (i.e. he does not have to pay kaffarah for them) because he broke those oaths in a state of kufr?

3. The oaths that he took in the state of kufr, but later broke AFTER returning to Islam. Do these also fall off (i.e. he does not have to pay kaffarah for them) because he took those oaths in a state of kufr?

Q: If I stated a false oath on Quran, for example I say that I swear in the name of Quran that this thing hasn't happened etc. and that because of some complication between husband and wife, to secure their relation is that allowed in Islam? Kindly guide me because I did this to secure a relationship by saying a false oath. Was that wrong or right?

Q: If a wife takes different oaths that if she does something her nikaah is invalid and then she breaks the oath, will her nikaah break?

Q: I had a test so I prayed in my heart that Ya Allah make my exam good I won't miss any prayers from now on. I did not say it verbally. Now if I leave any prayer will I have to give kaffarah for every single one of the left prayers?