Q: Our father died 25 years back leaving behind my mother, we three sister and my youngest brother and one plot of land on which a two story house is present. All of us are married and settled. My brother and mother were staying in the house. My brother was also using the house and the open area for doing business. But he neither ever asked for our permission for doing this nor gave any share to us earned from the house. When the elder sister (who is now widow with 3 unmarried daughters) wanted to stay in the house, our brother opposed it and did not let her enter the house with her stuff. My mother wants to divide her portion from the estate now only among us. After that all of us decided to divide the property as per Shari'ah. Brother wants to stay in the house. But according to the division only half the house with some open area coming in front of that part belongs to the brother. We three sisters want to demolish the part of house coming in our part. But demolishing half the house will destroy the whole house if before demolishing pillars are not pilled to the part of house belonging to our brother. We want to use our area to build new house. However we gave this option to our brother to demolish the whole house and to build a house jointly with us. But he refused.
- Who will bear the cost of piling pillars to save that part of house which belongs to our brother?
- What be the ratio for every one?
- Is it right to demand share from what my brothers has earned using the house and the plot and never gave any share to us?
A:
- The cost will be born by those who wish to demolish there part of the house.
- The cost will be shared equally among the shareholders of that portion.
- Though it was impermissible for the brother to prevent his sisters from using the home, however it will not be permissible to charge him for the past.
And Allah Ta'ala (الله تعالى) knows best.
وأجرة القسمة على عدد الرؤوس عند أبي حنيفة رحمه الله وقال أبو يوسف ومحمد رحمهما الله على قدر الأنصباء لأنه مؤونة الملك فيتقدر بقدره كأجرة الكيال والوزان وحفر البئر المشتركة ونفقة المملوك المشترك ولأبي حنيفة رحمه الله أن الأجر مقابل بالتمييز وأنه لا يتفاوت وربما يصعب الحساب بالنظر إلى القليل وقد ينعكس الأمر فينعذر اعتباره فيتعلق الحكم بأصل التمييز بخلاف حفر البئر لأن الأجر مقابل بنقل التراب وهو يتفاوت والكيل والوزن إن كان للقسمة قيل هو على الخلاف وإن لم يكن للقسمة فالأجر مقابل بعمل الكيل والوزن وهو يتفاوت وهو العذر لو أطلق ولا يفصل وعنه أنه على الطالب دون الممتنع لنفعه ومضرة الممتنع (هداية 4/410)
لو واحد من الشريكين سكن في الدار مدة مضت من الزمن فليس للشريك أن يطالبه بأجرة السكنى ولا المطالبه بأنه يسكن من الأول لكنه إن كان في المستقبل يطلب أن يهاىء الشريكا يجاب ففهم ودع التشكيكا كتاب لوقف مناسبته للشركة إدخال غيره معه في ماله غير أن ملكه باق فيها لا فيه (الدر المختار 4/337)
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