Factors that break and don't break the fast

Q: Does it invalidate or nullify the fast if you apply surma and sleep during the day?

Q: Does it invalidate or nullify the fast if you apply surma and sleep during the day? My father has been arguing that while fasting if you sleep during the day with the surma, it nullifies the fast as per some mufti he heard. kindly guide me.

Q: A person during ramadhan gargled his mouth and spat the water properly. Then he sucked and some water from his lip/mouth may have gone down his mouth. His intention was not to drink the water from his lip or mouth. If water went down his mouth is kaffara necessary?

Q: One woke up in the day of Ramadhaan. He had made sehri and began his fast. When he woke up, forgetting he was fasting, he masturbated. Thereafter, he remembered he was fasting and continued his fast for the rest of the day. What is the ruling for his fast?

Q: Will masturbation break our fast?

Q: Sublingual tablets for heart patients which blend with the saliva and blood stream. Is it permitted during fasting when one's condition is difficult to manage? i.e. will it break the fast?

Q: Is it permissable to use eye drops whilst fasting?

Q:

1. After making wudhu/rinsing the mouth, the saliva of a fasting person is extremely 'wet,' as though there is some residue of water left. Despite spitting out the saliva numerous times, the excessive ‘wetness’ remains for a long period. Does swallowing such type of saliva invalidate the fast?

2. If so, is Qadha or Kaffaarah necessary?

Q: I know that inhaling steam or smoke while fasting causes the fast to break. My question is that when cooking food while fasting, there is a great risk that steam will be inhaled. Will it be necessary to take precautions to avoid the steam by keeping a distance from the cooking food as much as possible? In the case where one inhales steam unintentionally, will one's fast break?

Q: Is it permissible to use a suppository whilst fasting?