Qadha and Kaffara

Q: I read that one has to pay kaffarah if one has intercourse during the fast. Therefore, no kaffarah if one commits the sin of masturbation. The person was unsure of the proper repentance so made the intention to pay kaffarah and fast 2 months. Sadaqah was paid to feed 10 people 2 meals for 2 months totaling $700. Having now learned that it is no longer necessary, does he still have to fast the 2 months based on his intention or would it be wrong as it is not prescribed as the expiation for his actions?

Q: I am a student aged 20 yrs old. I have missed a lot of fasts almost all during past months of ramadan except this one. With Allah's grace, I came very close to islam this year, praying regularly even the tahajjud prayer and fasting almost daily. I have read about the compensation of breaking fasts that is 60 foods for poors or 60 days fasting for 1 fast. As I am a student so I cant afford food for poor people so I fasted almost 4 months consecutively as a compensation for 2 fasts but then after some research I came to know that the compensation for fasting is only for those who "break" it by intercourse, eating e.t.c and not for those who "leave" them. For every fast a person left out of ignorance in past, he only have to fast 1 day for 1 fast. My question here is that, I have fasted 4 months with the intention (niyya) of compensation for 2 fasts but is it right that those fasts can be recorded as compensation for 4 months of fasting (1 fast for 1 day) so i have completed the compensation for 4 months of ramadan fasting that I have left in the past and not just the 2 days even if I don't have the intention of every fast to be for 1 fast i left before. 

Q: I'm a convert to Islam, Alhamdulillah, a couple of years I did not fast in Ramadhan because I had really bad aneamia and I was underweight and whenever I tried to fast, I started getting sick. Weak/headaches/nausea. So I couldnt fast. Alhamdulillah my health is better now, and past Ramadhan I did fast. How should I make up for the years of missed fast?

And secondly, if someone is fasting and begins feeling sick and weak, is it allowed to break the fast without sin?

Q: I masturbated when I fasted and I didn't know that that will break the fast. I can't estimate because what if I broke five fasts and I actually broke 16 fast. My estimation is less likely to be exact. What should I do?

Q: I had 7 days that I needed to payback from Ramadan 2015 due to monthly menstruation. In Ramadan 2016 I missed paying back those 7 days and I did not participate in Ramadan 2016 because I traveled to Africa. For first time my intention was to pay back my fast there in Africa being the time would be less hours to fast and I usually leave it until 2 weeks prior to Ramadan. I was not able to fast or pay back missed fast because I found out I was pregnant and became sick with fever, nausea and no appetite. What do I do now that I have missed all those days of fasting and now I'm still having irregular bleeding on and off and I'm breastfeeding my 2 months old baby?

Q: A diabetic, against the advice of a medical practitioner, fasts during the month of Ramadhan. Most days he manages quite well and is able to complete the fast. But now and then, he experiences hypoglycemia (very low blood sugar level) and then there is no alternative but to eat something immediately as otherwise it can lead to unconsciousness or coma within 2 minutes.

In the circumstances, what then is the penalty (if any) for each fast so broken and is it imperative to make up the missed fasts after Ramadhan or is one excused? And is Kaffara also payable and, if so, how much for each broken fast?

Q: I had been keeping my qadha fasts for missing it in Ramadhaan due to haidh. While keeping qadha I experienced haidh and my fast was broken. Do I have to keep two fasts to make up for the one that I missed during Ramadhaan as well the qadha or do I just have to keep one for the fast I missed during Ramadhaan?

Q: I broke my fast due to masturbation what is the kafarah? And once after breaking my fast through masturbation I ate as well once. In total I did it around 4 times.

Q: During Ramazaan while fasting, my husband raped me. When I refused to have relations with him, he violently raped me. Is kaffaarah necessary upon me as well?

Q: During ramadhaan, whilst fasting I got intimate with my wife. We did not have actual relations at first but satisfied one another using our hands. i.e: I made inzaal. And satisfied her using my hands. However after that before iftaar, thinking that our fasts are already broken, we ate food and we had actual relations. Will kaffaarah become binding or only qadha? I am studying aalim course and I know what I did requires a lot of reformation and taubah but from what I understand, there will only be qadha in this case and no kaffaarah. Please advise.