Factors that make Zakaat compulsory

Q: Zakat is wajib on four things and out of the four, one is تجارت. So if someone decided to sell some of their belongings on eBay or Amazon, etc., will they have to pay zakat on it?

Q:

1. Zaid bought a house on mortgage, he owes the bank a lot of money, about 70 thousand pounds, he has to pay at least 5 thousand pounds to the bank every year. Zaid has 5 thousand pounds savings in his account (kept the money for daily family usage) does he have to pay zakat on this amount (5 thousand pounds) at the end of the year because his debt is more than his savings?

2. Is there a difference of opinion amongst scholars regarding the above situation if zakat is fardh or not?

3. Will it be permissible for Zaid to take zakat money to pay of his mortgage to the bank? 

Q: We live in a western country and due to low income, the government gives money to our kids for extra assistance. We now have more than $20,000 in the bank of this money that the government has given to our kids. Is zakat compulsory on this money? 

Q: Does a person have to pay zakaat on items purchased to do a service like a dentist buys tools, etc. ?

Q: I am a student dependant to my parents. According to the nisab of silver ($400) I am supposed to pay zakaat. And I didn't know this as I was told that nisab is $3000 (as per gold nisab). So should I pay zakaat? I had $500 saved up for about 2 years. Also I was also told that since I am not earning money and I am dependant and my parents do pay zakat, that I am not supposed to. Could you please elaborate?

Q: I adopted Islam three years back and have married a Muslim man. I want to know issues related to zakaat. I own a house and land which I purchased when I was a Hindu and was married to a Hindu man but after his death I married a Muslim man and adopted Islam. Is zakaat waajib on this property?

I am also looking after financially my husband's first wife and his children who live in a separate house. Almost half of my salary is spent on them every month as my husband is not financially sound. I want to know that is zakaat waajib on my monthly income?

Q: If a person has a certain amount of cash only, has he to base his calculation for determining the nisaab based on existing rate of silver or gold? The reason is there is a vast difference in the market rate of a gram of silver and a gram of gold. Please advise. Jazakalkah.

Q: I am married with a three month old son. My wife and I both work. We live in a very modest lifestyle and Alhamdulliah just about manage to afford our essentials every month (rent, food, electricity, etc). However, once all the expenses are paid, our bank account is in an overdraft. We have been living in a bank overdraft for almost a year now and are trying our best to get out of it due to Allah's ruling on interest. Is Zakaah still obligatory on us? If yes, how do I calculate a percentage on a negative bank balance?

Q: I obtained items for free with the intention of resale. Despite the fact that I get them for free, must Zakaat still be paid on their current market value?

Q: I am a student at university. In possesion I have money that was given to me to cover university expenses. I have around R5000. By the end of the year it will be used up. I would like to know if zakaat is payable on it and wether qurbani is required. I also have a student bank account that doesn't accumulate interest until a year has lapsed. Due to the account being empty after a year, There will be no interest gained or taken, is it permissible. My bursary pays fees late every year and univerity charges me R30 interest. Should I give that R30 as charity, as it is out of my control?