Clothing and Covering the Aurah

Q: Can we wear a leather belt in namaaz or not?

Q: Zaid has a towel ihraam which is made in such a way that there are very small holes in the ihraam cloth. When wearing the ihraam, little skin is visible from the holes. Zaid prayed salaah, did his umrah and Hajj with the above mentioned ihraam on. According to Shariah is his salaah, umrah and Hajj valid? If it isn't valid, what should be done to compensate?

Q:

1. If one prayed salaah while wearing clothes with a human picture which one missed to see and saw only after looking at them carefully, would those salaahss be valid? Does one need to repeat those salaahs?

2. What about praying salaah in clothes which have clear human/animal pictures?

3. If one prays next to or in front or behind someone wearing such clothes or wearing a work ID with visible picture of the person (around 2 inches in lenth and 2 inches in width) would the salaah be valid due to being in close proximity of a picture?

Q: “Quarter of the head is approximately the amount of the palm with the fingers.” So to estimate this, do I place my hand vertically on my head or horizontally?

What if some of my hair is showing and some of my awrah from my arm is showing? Do I need to add them up together? 

Q: I’ve noticed that in fard wudu, only a quarter of your head needs to me washed. And when awrah is shown during salah, then only if it is under a quarter, the salah is deemed valid.

Today a little strand of my hair was showing during salah. I’d like to know how to measure a quarter of my head.

Q: If a woman performs salah with 3/4 length trousers and then tights under them, wherein no part of her leg is visible, is her salah valid?

Q: During salaah, I sometimes wear a shirt which has a low collar, so a bit of my upper chest (under the bone below the neck) neck gets visible. Is the salaah valid?

Also, how much portion of the chest should be covered by men during salaah? 

Q: I have difficulty concerning covering my awrah during prayer as a female.

1. I have quite a small forehead, and the hairs that cover the sides of my forehead are not the same length as my hair overall, but they’re longer than a person’s usual baby hairs. It causes me to overly look in the mirror and fix my scarf before salah just incase any show, and also causes me to bring my scarf down really close to my eyes. Due to this difficulty, if these certain hairs show during salah, can I overlook this?

2. Another thing I have a lot of difficulty covering are my wrists. Even If I try to use long sleeves, sometimes during sajdah the sleeve of my wrist gets lifted upwards (like towards the ceiling) - if that makes sense - due to me laying my forearms on the ground. Today, I saw my sleeve on my wrist during salah and it looked lifted and I had a slightly strong feeling that the way it looked it was probably showing my awrah but I didn’t attempt to change it because I was confused about what to do. I couldn’t tell if more than a quarter was showing or not from the angle I was sitting. I was also not sure if I should have moved to fix it regardless of if it was less than a quarter.

- If I notice that less than a quarter of awrah is showing during salah, then do I fix it or can I leave it?

- Can you confirm if I properly determined the quarter of my arm during salah because I’m not sure if i’m doing it right. To determine if a quarter of my arm shows, does it mean that my elbow is considered the halfway point? I feel guilty because I felt like if I had a strong feeling that my awrah was showing, I should have hidden it.

Q: Do I have to wear a topi when performing salaah, or can I perform salaah without a topi? 

Q:

1. When I make wudhu, water splashes on my thighs and my pants becomes wet. So when I pray, while in the sitting position, the skin from my thighs become somewhat visible because I wear white pants. Is my prayer valid?

2. When I pray, the wind from the fan hits my clothes and the shape of my private part is visible. Also, when some people go into sajdah while wearing pants, the shape of their testes are seen, is the prayer valid?