Q: If a person studies worldly knowledge such as other sciences will he be a disbeliever?

Q: Is it correct to say or is there any Hadith that says that a woman's musalla is like a masjid and before starting a salah or standing on the musalla in the house she should read: Allahumma Aftahli Ab Wa Ba Rahmatik" like how men do before entering masjid. 

Q: A member of our community as an heir would like to know if it's permissible to pay off gambling debts accrued by the deceased to pay off multiple gambling debts accrued to Muslims and non Muslims. 

Notes: 

1. A member of family has come forward to assist with these debts as they too want to rid of their unwanted interest income in order to assist with paying off these debts. 

2. The deceased does have an income deriving property asset in his estate but the income is little to none and will take years to save and accumulate the funds required to pay off the gambling debts.

Q: There was an argument over a mobile message. My wife said, "Leave me." I told her not to say that, but she repeated, "Leave me." I replied, "You are free," but I had no intention of divorce, nor did I know that saying such words could lead to a divorce. Later, my wife told me that I had used the wrong words. After that, we reconciled. 

Four months later, during another argument about household chores, my wife said, "I won't do this." I replied, "Then you are free," but at that time, divorce or separation was not being discussed. Later, I realized that I had said something wrong. 

How many divorces have taken place in our case?

Q: Is it permissible for a person to delay his fardh hajj due to his wife being ill?

Q: Can I name my child after Hazrat Zul-Kifl (alaihis salaam), but only Kifl? Muhammad Kifl. Is it okay to remove the "Zul" before Kifl Islamically? 

Also, is the name okay to have? I mean, is there any bad connotation associated with it, considering how that Shaiytaan specifically targeted him, messing with him to break his spirit?

Q: Is making the masjid dirty and najis an act of kufr even if the person doing it has imaan in his heart, and loves Allah, the masjid and Islam?

Q: I heard a lecture stating that if a husband calls his wife for intimacy, she must immediately respond. Is this correct? 

I understand if this applies when she is at home, but how does Islam balance this obligation with fairness and practicality, especially if the wife is busy or has valid reasons to delay?

Q: Is it permissible for men with a beard and long hair to tie a pony tail for keeping their hair neat? Or will this be considered tashabbuh with women?

Q: If a female who was born out of wedlock and raised by her maternal grandparents as their own, who is her Mahram? 

Does her uncles, her mother's brothers become her Mahram? Will her brother, they share the same mother but not father become her Mahram? 

And are her male cousins, sons of her mother's sister's and brother's become her Mahram?