Jamaat Salaah and Imaamat

Q: When joining salaah late after takbeer, after I have put my hand on my belly, how should I recite thanaa?

Q: What is the correct way to pray the Salats of Zuhr and Asr behind the Imam? Also, please, explain what is the correct way to perform the third Rak'ah of Maghrib and third and fourth Rak'ah of Isha behind the imam. Should a Muqtadi (person praying Jamaat behind Imam) recite Fatiha and Surah in the first two Rak'ahs of Asr and Zuhr and then recite Fatiha only in the last two Rak'ahs of Zuhr and Asr? Also should the Muqtadi recite Fatiha in the third Rak'ah of Maghrib and in third and fourth Rak'ah of Isha or should he stay quite? You I have to read inni and sana before surah fatiha in jamaat and in sunnat prayers shall I recite inni and sana? While performing prayer alone of maghrib what to recite in the third rakat?

Q:

1. If there are women following the Imam, does he have to make a specific niyyah for them?

2. If he makes general niyyah for all those following him, will it suffice?

3. If he didnt know there were women following him, will their salaah be accepted?

4. If he knew but didn't make intention for them, will their salaah be accepted?

Q: I want to know what should be done if you miss 1, 2 or 3 rakaats of a fardh Salaah?

Q:

1. If an imam has no duties except leading farad prayer, is his salary a price/ reward for his salaah? Is it not worshipping for money? Is it halaal to charge for what has been obligated by Allah Ta'ala?

2. If you employ a Hafiz to lead taraweh prayer in Ramadan, is his worship (for money) permissible and is the worship of his followers, behind him, acceptable before Allah Ta'ala?

3. When children are taught Quran by a paid tutor, is the teacher allowed to accept this material reward and still be 'khyrokum munn ta allaml quraana wa allama hoo'?

4. If it is not permissible to trade your (farad or sunnah) Ibadat for money/ receive salary, how should Imams of masjids and tutors run their household and kitchen?

Please advise in full detail with references from Quran and Sunnah.

Q: A school in our locality performs Zohar Salaah in the Musjid before the Musjid actual time. The Musjid time is 13:15 The Schools performs salaah at 12:45. Is this permissible? The school is situated next to the Musjid.

Q: My question regarding the small distance which is left between muqtadis during Salaah due to pillar between the saff whether we should leave the gap or stand there which leads to disturbing the straightness of the saff?

Q:

1. When joining Salaah behind an Imaam in the first rakaat before ruku, does one have to recite Thanaa?

2. If no, and if one recited it, is the Salaah valid?

3. If one happens to recite the first Takbeer (Takbeer Tahreemah) and thereafter recite Takbeer again and go into ruku whilst the Imaam is already into ruku, is the Salaah valid?

Q: If a person performing Salaah behind an Imaan happens to repeat the Takbeer with the Imaam, is the Salaah valid?

Q: Whilst performing Salaah with Jamaat behind an Imaam, if a Masbooq (latecomer) joins the Salaah after the Imaam has completed four rakaats and joins just before the Salaam.

1. Is it necessary for him to recite the tashahhud with the Imaam for his Salaah to be valid or is it sufficient for his Salaah to be valid that he joins in the Salaah before the Imaam makes salaam?

2. Should the Masbooq recite only Tashahud in the Qa'dah or also Durood Ibraaheem and Duaa after Durood.