Jamaat Salaah and Imaamat

Q:

1. When following the Imaam, is Rabbana-lakal-hamd recited while getting up from ruku, or once in the standing position?
2. What is best to recite after getting up from ruku? I have been told slight variations of the above.

Q:

1. If the Imaam is in ruku, does one have to first tie the hands and stand in order to get the rakaat, or does going directly into ruku after takbeer suffice?
2. If one makes takbeer and while going into the sitting posture the imaam makes one salaam, can one still join the salaah?
3. If one has to complete missed rakaats in jamaat: In the final sitting, does one read attahiyat, durood as well as the dua, or just stop after reciting the shahadah?

Q: When one hears the iqamah is it wajib for him to join the jamaat or is it just sunnah?

Q: If a child born out of wedlock completes his hifz, is he allowed to be Imam?

Q: I am situated an area where Hanafi madhhab is minority, and I regularly lead the salaah at the local Musallah. I am a Hanafi. Please can you clarify the following, as I don't want to create any confusion in the community:

1. Is it permissible for me to lead the Asr salaah, even though the Shafiee time is followed?
2. For Fajr and Zohr salaah, if I have not performed my sunnats as yet, should I decline to lead the salaah?
3. When leading taraweeh: If majority of the jamaat performs the sajdah ​tilaawat in 17th para, and not the sajdah in 23th para, do I have to do this as well, or do I do as I have been taught?
4. Witr in Ramadaan: Can I lead the witr, as I believe the Shafiee method is different?
5. Recently, one of the brothers, while leading salaah performed sajdah sahw, by making both salaams, then 2 sajdahs, then immediately 2 salaams to end the ​salaah. Is the salaah correct, as I have been taught differently?
6. I notice that the Imaams in the area say something in Arabic before the salaah, which I believe is related to straightening the saffs. Is this a sunnat, and if so, what exactly should I say.

Q: When reading fardh salaah behind an Imam, does one have to read surah fatihah even if the Imam is reading surah fatihah?

Q: Is it permissible to correct the imaam during the qiraat in fardh salaah:

1. If the imaam makes a mistake which changes the meaning of Quraan?
2. Imaam jumps to another ayaat and realises this. So the Imaam starts at the beginning of the ayaat and still does not get it right?
3. Imaam gets stuck during recitation?

​Please explain also in respect to the 3 ayaats being read at this point and also if not?

Q: In farz namaz is it right to correct the Imam if he reads the wrong ayah?

Q: Is it permissible to read namaaz behind an imam who's garments are below his ankles?

Q: If a Hanafi follows a Shafi'ee imam whose salat is valid according to the Shafi'ee madhab but not the Hanafi mazhab (e.g. when doing masah of the head in wudu, the Imam did masah of just 3 straws of hair), will the salaat of the Hanafi follower be valid?