Zakaat

Wasting food and helping people

Q:

1. Is it permissible to throw +/- 10 tons of wheat and rice in the middle of the sea from a boat as food for sea creatures, even though we know that a vast majority of humans are hungry. What does Islām say?

2. I heared a Hadith saying that a person has to fulfill the needs of other persons,

My question is that, how to avoid and discourage people from asking or does one have to fulfill their requirements?

Using money and calculating zakaat from a life insurance payout

Q: I had taken out a life insurance policy with a dread disease cover many years ago. (I call that my pre-hidayat days). I have now been paid out part of the money for a dread disease, which is part of the life cover. Can I calculate all the premiums I paid over the years and take the money out of the payout as halaal money for myself? Can I use the balance of the payout for Income Tax payment. I would then cancel the policy. 

Also, what are the zakaat implications regarding this money if it is halaal. Do I need to calculate zakaat from the time I started paying the premiums or not?

Zakaat on a long term investment and retirement annuity

Q: I have 2 investments and want clarity on my responsibility when it comes to zakaat.

1. I have purchased shares in company x for long term investment (probably 5 to 15 years). Do I pay zakaat on the quarterly/yearly dividends received or do I pay zakaat on the full value of the share?

2. I am investing in a retirement annuity, which is now only accessible upon my retirement. Do I pay zakaat yearly on the amount that is in my retirement account or would I only pay zakaat when the investment matures (when I retire)?