Saying "Where is your Allah and only science can save the people from any disease?"

Q: I request clarification related to some words as to whether, Allah forgive, these are kufr. 

1. Saying in any gathering or discussion that " Nauzubillah some people / they (not specifically referred) are saying / believing that where is your Allah and that only science can save the people from any disease / corona virus etc; however our belief is that without almighty Allah nothing can save us". Does words expressed in start leads to kufr for one who quote these words in any discussion or gathering?

2. We sometimes feel that we are so much guilty and have done lots of sin and in fear we say words that " Don't know whether Allah will forgive me or not" though our belief is that Allah is most Merciful and Forgiving. Allah forgive, are these words kufr?

3. We sometimes feel that we have done lot of mistakes and wrong decisions in past though whatever happens is always in our betterment and already written in Taqdeer but we still feel lot of regret, sadness and hopeless and sometimes in that state of sadness and hopelessness someone says words like that" Its all due to his mistakes and wrong decisions related to job choice or other matters consequently he is regretting then then why should he say these mistakes / wrong decisions were due to Naseeb / from Allah". Allah forgive is saying these words Kufur? Nauzubillah intention was not to deny taqdeer.

I am very worried and confused and beg forgiveness and guidance from Almighty Allah. Can you please give some clarification in respects of above said words and other explanation related to kufr and Tajdeed Iman and Tajdeed Nikah?

Guardian of a child accepting distribution of an estate for the child

Q: I would like to ask about when a person dies and leaves behind inheritors: I have understood each inheritor gets part ownership in each item the person has left behind. Say for example that his spouse now owns 1/8 of every spoon, every chair etc he has left behind.

Rather than keeping shared ownership in everything, the inheritors will then generally agree to a distribution of the things amongst themselves. But if one inheritor is an underage child, who should accept the distribution on his behalf?

Also, the inheritors tend to agree to give certain things (such as clothes, books) in charity and throw away certain things that nobody wants. But a child cannot give his share away in charity. Does this mean that they would have to save all of these items until the child grows up before giving them away or throwing them away? Or is there any way around this?

Not reciting Surah Faatihah in the third and fourth rakaat of a fardh salaah

Q:

1. If a person intentionally does not recite surah fatiha in the third or fourth rakat of a fard prayer but stands for the duration of three subhanallahs or more and then goes into ruku will that person’s prayer be valid or invalid. And if that person stands for less than the duration of three subhanallahs and then goes into ruku will that person’s prayer be valid or invalid.

2. If a person forgets to recite surah fatiha in the third or fourth rakat of a fard prayer but stands for the duration of three subhanallahs or more and then goes into ruku will that person’s prayer be valid or invalid. And if that person stands for less than the duration of three subhanallahs and then goes into ruku will that person’s prayer be valid or invalid.

Paying towards a holiday club

Q: I recruit people to join a holiday club. The members will be asked to pay subscriptions. The money collected will be used to purchase holidays at various resorts and hotels in South Africa. The members will then be entered in a draw and the winners will go on the holiday. Some portion of the collected monies will be used for expenses. Is this permissible?

If it is, will I be accountable for the people, maybe non Muslims eating and drinking haraam food and partaking in such activities that they would do while on holiday?

Taking a shower while in sunnat itikaaf

Q: I would like to have some clarity regarding the issue of having a shower while in sunnat itikaaf. According to some Ulama, the only time one could have a ghusl, not a shower, is if one had a wet dream in the musjid and is forced to make ghusal.

The permissibility of allowing people to have have showers with no valid reason has started very recently over the last few years and was never heard of in the past unless compulsion of ghusal.

Charging a cancellation fee

Q: I booked accommodation with a certain guesthouse for the March school break holidays which was originally from the 20th March until the 30th March for a total of 10 nights and payed a sum of R8500.

On the 15th March the President announced that we are facing a pandemic and was putting social distancing restrictions in place as well as non essential travel was to be cancelled. The next day I contacted the guesthouse to cancel my accommodation due to the presidents speech the night before. While negotiating the penalty for cancelation, the beaches were then also closed.

After much deliberation I was penalised 4 nights (40%) of my 10 night paid accommodation without a cash refund however a 6 nights credit for future stay. About 10 days later I was contacted for a refund to be processed. The amount refunded was 60% of what I paid (R5100) resulting in a 40% penalty as per above.

My question is, is it Islamically permissible for this penalty as this cancellation was due to the pandemic as declared by our President.