Differences between the western system of business and finance and the Islamic system

Q: I would like some assistance in how to explain to non muslims about the differences between the western system of business and finance and the islamic system. I know the main difference is that islam does not permit/allow dealing in interest in any way. The thing is that these kaafirs rely on Jewish economists who use fancy, complicated terms to "prove" their theories etc..

These guys who I speak to, say that this is the way it is and if we want to be successful then we have play the game intelligently. I keep telling them that there is an alternative but I dont know how to present it to them in a simple way.

normal muslims like me will just tell them that "Allah ta'ala says... in the Quran & our prophet Muhammad (Salallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said ..." this is not going to make sense to them or satisfy them. So, how can I explain to them the differences between the two systems and show clearly the benefits of the Islamic system?

Registering a company name

Q: Please inform me whether registering a company name is permissible. Once registered, nobody has the right to use this name except myself. Also, what is the ruling regarding registering a product name under my name? After this, nobody can name their product with this name except myself.

Insurance related queries

Q: Is the following permissable :

Life Insurance - That you have taken out

Life Insurance - The company you work for has taken out a policy for you

Pension Fund -  That you have taken out

Pension Fund -  The company you work for has taken out a policy for you

Medical Aid -  That you have taken out

Medical Aid -  The company you work for has taken out a policy for you

Manager of a shop buying from his children

Q: If a person that does buying for a shop (he is not the owner) he guides his children buy this and this for the shop and you add some profit for yourselves and then I will buy it from you for the shop (the children use their own money and then sell it to the shop and they increase the price to make a profit). And if it was not for the children he would have bought it straight from the supplier and no extra money need be paid. Is it permissible for the children to sell to the shop in this manner?