Zakaat

Calculating zakaat

Q: I wrote my gate exam. If I get qualified or get a rank then I will get a monthly stipend for my m.tech, around 12 500. Do I have to pay zakaat on that money?

If yes, then tell me the procedure. I mean is it compulsory on me to search for a needy person and give him or can I give it to anyone? Can it be added to an investment for the welfare of people/community by saving for public requirements in villages like for well, hospitals etc.?

Zakaat on outstanding payment

Q: I had an agreement with a government department since 2004 to supply them with parts (quantity of 30) and they took 15 parts from me in 2005. They did not pay the amount for the 15 parts. The remaining quantity was held up in our stock.

After about 14 years, now they picked up the remaing quantity of 15 parts, and then they paid the whole amount of 30 parts.

Is zakaat due on this money when it is received? Or is zakaat due on the last 14 years?

Giving sadaqah to one's poor sister

Q: Can I give sadaqah to one of my poor sisters. I have one married sister, she is a heart patient and needs to get medicines every month. Her husband is alive and works but the financial situation is very bad. Her one son is in boarding school and they often find it hard to deposit fees for him.

I decided to give 10% of my earning every month as sadaqah to them, is it permissible?

Zakaat on a property purchased

Q: I purchased a house five years back using our company's house loan policy. After five years the company offered us to take the top-up on the loan based on the current market value of the house. Now with that top up money I purchased another plot.

My question is; do I need to pay zakaat on the land I had purchased? If yes then what is the method, should I take the current market value of the plot for calculating zakaat or should I take the amount I paid as an installment against the top up?

Deducting debts when calculating zakaat

Q: I am trying to understand a masala. For example:

Zaid takes a loan of $5,000 from his brother, and his brother tells him to pay $200/month, but Zaid doesn't pay every single month, but on and off. Would it be necessary to deduct however much money Zaid owes his brother of that loan when calculating Zakat or Zaid will not deduct anything because his brother is not asking for the money?

At the same time, Zaid's brother did not verbally mention to him that he has pardoned the debt. Would qiyas—here— be made on مهر مؤجل, in terms of it not being deducted because of عدم المطالبة عادة