Interest bearing loans & Transactions

Referring clients to parties offering "bridging finance"

Q: I am an Attorney specialising in conveyancing. 

As part of the process, certain debts need to be paid by sellers before transfer is taken and the money is paid for them. 

Hence there is a service by third parties called bridging finance. They essentially give a seller a loan against the impending purchase price coming in. This service is probably a riba based model. 

I only refer non-Muslim clients to them. For that referral, the third party offers me a referral fee. Is that referral fee halaal for me ?

Helping one's wife pay an interest bearing loan

Q: Before our marriage, my wife financed a car with an interest-bearing loan. I am not on the loan or title and had no involvement in the original contract. After marriage, I voluntarily began making the monthly payments. About $15,000 remains. 

Recently, I became concerned that making these payments may involve me in riba, so I offered to pay the entire balance immediately. My wife asked me to continue the regular payments for two more months because of a pending diminished-value insurance claim. I made one more monthly payment, despite being financially able to pay off the loan. 

My questions are: 

Am I sinful or considered the “payer of riba” mentioned in the hadith because I make payments on my wife's interest-bearing loan, even though I am not the borrower or owner? Was I sinful for making another monthly payment after I was able and willing to pay off the loan in full?

Calling interest "service charge"

Q: There is a government youth development department here. There is a loan project and it was declared on the terms 9% service charge for women with no Riba. 

9% at gradually low rate. 

Is working as a youth development officer halaal there or taking the loan? 

It’s a charitable government department but yet there is that 10% service charge for men, 9% service charge for women, etc. rate for other gender.

Giving a loan on interest

Q: Two parties want to enter an agreement: Person A wants to loan money to Person B. 

The amount is marked up by 10% and the repayment is over a fixed period e.g. 4 years. 

If there is a clause in the agreement to say that if you pay by 3 years, you will get R2000 back. 

Is the rebate of the R2000 clause permissible? Is the allocation of marked up shares permissible?

Taking an interest-bearing loan to study

Q: I have a great academic background and I want to continue my studies abroad. The country I am currently living in is Afghanistan, so my financial circumstances are not good and for continuing my studies I am not going to be able to pay for my education expenses. 

Can I get a loan and this loan has been accompanied by interest. Studying abroad is my dream and I can make my future through this. So can I get the loan?

Earning interest to pay off an interest bearing loan

Q: I have a brother and a sister. My brother has taken a loan from a bank and has to pay back the loan with interest. My sister wants to open a fixed deposit with the intention of giving the interest earned on the fixed deposit to my brother so he can pay off his own loan. Can she do it, even when my brother has enough income to pay off the loan himself?