Man's "authority" over his wife

Q: When speaking of the qiwamah of a man over his wife (i.e. his “authority” over her), we need to realize that this is a burden and a responsibility, not an honour and favour. The man’s responsibility is not restricted to maintaining his wife financially, housing, feeding, etc. He is also responsible for looking after her emotional, spiritual and physical needs. Allah’s command is to treat wives kindly and on a footing of equity and what is acceptable. وعاشروهن. Al-qiwamah is in no way meant to turn the husband into some sort of dictator who thinks he is a master who orders and forbids and should be obeyed unrestrictedly. There are so many nuances to look at when we look at these issues. One such nuance is that Allah did not say that males are qawwam over women; rather, He said “men” are qawwam. This is something we need need to think about and ponder; for how many males are not really “men”.

Is this above writing correct? If I feel like for my husband's thinking attitude is harming my imaan, I often think bad of Islam that it favors men over women should I leave him?

Wishing for one's non-Muslim girlfriend to accept Islam

Q: There is a Hindu girl that I like and I wish to marry her in the future (we both are 16 years old) as I don't want to have any haraam relationship with her. Is there anything I can do to inspire her to embrace Islam with her heart, mind and soul so I can marry her?

I genuinely care for her and I don't want her to go to hell because she is a very good, generous and honest girl. Please guide me in this matter. I can take things slow and cautiously with her if I can inspire her to embrace Islam.

Creation of the earth and theory of evolution

Q: How was the earth created by Allah Ta'ala?

Did Allah Ta'ala create all the animals and species that are present in the world today or have the species gone through evolution that made them so numerous?

Was the world that is today the same as when it was created? How long ago (in years) was the world created?

Was there a time when there were no humans in this world?

Were there dinosaurs in this world?

Also, I know that evolution through ape-like is not correct, but Darwin also says that birds and other animals have evolved. So for example, how there were birds with a certain type of beak but now those birds are on different places where their food is different so their beaks "evolved" into different shapes depending on whichever suited their environment better. Can we as Muslims believe this or not?

Muslim attending non-Muslim festivals

Q: Is it allowed to accept an invitation from non-Muslims during their festivals which involves shirk (ganeshotsav) and go and eat with them?

We live in a building with all non-Muslims and they gather at night and perform rituals of festivals, sing songs and listen to songs with music on loudspeakers. One non-Muslim has invited all people of building for food.

Meaning of the word rajaa in the Quraan

Q: One interpretation of the meaning of Surah 18, Verse 110 reads:

“Say, ‘I am only a human being, like you, to whom it has been revealed that your God is One. Anyone who fears to meet his Lord should do good deeds and give no one a share in the worship due to his Lord.”

Another interpretation of the meaning reads: “Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “I am only a man like you, ˹but˺ it has been revealed to me that your God is only One God. So whoever hopes for the meeting with their Lord, let them do good deeds and associate none in the worship of their Lord.”

When I shared the first interpretation, I later read it and saw the word “fears” used, so I told the group to focus on the Arabic as I thought the translation was wrong.

Then at one point I read: ‎قد يكون الرَجْوُ والرَجاءُ بمعنى الخوف

I had a fear of falling into Kufr

Teacher doing academic criticism

Q: If a person followed Arabic classes and the teacher at times would mention criticism about the author of the book in terms of the way he structured the book. If the student used to think that the teacher is doing academic criticism and if he thought this was okay, then later on when he heard the teacher, the way it sounded did not sound correct, if the person listened to the teacher thinking it was academic criticism and okay, would that amount to kufr?