Conditions & Fundamentals of Hajj and Umrah

Q: My question is regarding dam (penalty) at hajj. On a few occasions during ihram I covered my head with a towel but took it off after I realize that this is against the rules of ihram but it was unintentionally. I asked a maulana about this and he said its ok. Also, during sleep I had my head covered with a towel for I don't know how long and when I woke up, I realized that it was on and took it off right away. Once again, this was unintentional, so I asked the maulana again and he said its ok but just give dam just in case.

Q: Is it permissible for a husband in the state of ihraam to cut his wife’s hair for her to come out from ihraam after completing the umrah or vice versa? If this is a violation, will damm be compulsory upon them?

Q: A person who is working in Saudi desires to perform Hajj. Can he enter the haram without ihraam, and before Hajj begins, he will tie his ihraam at the Aisha Miqaat and then enter with the intention of performing Hajj?

Q: Can one wear a watch in the state of ihraam? Can one use the towel cloth that is being sold for purpose of Ihram?

Q: I am in Saudia. I want to perform Hajj this year. In Saudia one way of performing Hajj is to get a sort of permission letter (pass) from the Saudi govenment and the other way is to go directly and bypass the check post of Makkah to avoid checking of Hajj Pass. Mostly people in Saudia adopt the second way. I wanted to go by getting a Hajj pass but this year the Saudi government has issued very limited passes so I am not able to access that official pass. Is the second way off performing hajj permissible in Shari'ah or not? Because in that case we have to violate the Saudi law.

Q:

1. My wife did umrah with her niqab on (not the one with the cap portruding but the regular). What should be done now?
2. Someone says that if you did umrah, it is not fard to do hajj, even if you are finnacially capable. Please clarify if it is true?

Q: I went for umrah this past summer. After I completed Tawaf and then Saey, I did not get my hair cut until after taking off the ihraam. After Saey, I went to my hotel room and changed from my ihraam into regular clothes before getting a haircut.  Because of this I am told that I need to do dam (sacrifice to Allah for penance/penalty). My question is do I have to do dam in Haram area or can dam be performed anywhere? I am currently in the USA and cannot go back to Haram. 

Q: What should a female do if her period commences during the hajj or while she is on the way for hajj?

Q:

1. I am adopted. Can I do hajj from my mother's money if its halaal? Will I be rewarded it's blessing and status, will my sins be wiped out? If I do it for the sake and will of Allah,  will the obligation of fard be full filled?
2. What if the money is interest based from a bank, will the fard obligation, rewards, blessings will be given fullfilled to the person doing hajj?
3. What if the money is of my worldly mother's brother's money (Halaal earned), can we do hajj from the money or my mother has to ask permission from her brother first?
4. Since I am adopted, my mother doing hajj alongside me, will her fard obligation be fullfilled? Will her blessings be given to her, wiping all the sins done in the past? Will it affect my hajj status and blessing?

Q: If during tawaaf, one goes in the Hateem and not around, does that round of tawaf count?