Talaaq issued over the phone

Q: I have been married for 10 years. I had my 1st talaaq when my duaghter was 2 years old. We reconciled soon thereafter and now I have my 2nd talaaq over the phone when my husband moved out for the second time. Is a talaaq valid over the phone?

His reason for moving out is because I am always skelling. He is never home and I am doing everything; seeing to the kids food and the house. Somtimes he comes home very late at night and I am not allowed to even ask where he was. I don't know where he works or how much he earns. Furthermore I don't know where he is currently staying.

He always wants things his way. He wanted a second wife 4 years ago and it never happened. Ever since then things haven't been smooth. I told him that I'm going to MJC and he told me to because that is for people who doesn't know their deen. Ya Allah I love him tremendously. When I asked him today if my talaq is finalized, he said he will call me tonight. When he moved the 1st time he told me he thought the separation would help. I asked him if we cannot mayb have a separation period then a talaaq he said he tried but he tried nothing. I am prepared to make this work, please help.

What should a masbooq recite when standing up for missed rakaats?

Q:

1. Suppose I am offering Asar or Maghrib and I joined the Namaz in the last Rakaat after missing the first three rakats, now when the prayer ends with "Assalaamu alaikum warahmatullah" by Imam and I get up from "Attahiyyaat", Then what do I have to say first? Do I have to start my next rakat with thana or bismillah?

2. Also, do I have to say a surat after reciting surah fatiha?