Clarification: Will the Vat amount be included in the zakaat?

Q: A person gave me R100 of his zakaat and asked me to buy a zakaat hamper and give it on his behalf to the poor. I bought the hamper for R100 which was inclusive of 15% vat and thereafter gave it to a recipient of zakaat. Did R85 of the person's zakaat get discharged or did R100 of His zakaat get discharged?

Similarly, if zakaat vouchers are given to the poor and they make purchases with it from a specific shop to which zakaat money has been given, and the shop owner has been informed that he should give the poor who come to him items to the value of the zakaat vouchers, and the shop owner sells them the items for the full amount of the zakaat vouchers but deducts 15% of the money for vat, will the full amount of the zakaat vouchers be regarded as the zakaat discharged or will the amount less 15% be regarded as the zakaat discharged?

Doing things with ikhlaas (sincerity)

Q:

1. Does pleasure of our Prophet (SallAllahu 'Alayhi Wa Sallam), the pleasure of The Prophets ('Alayhim-us-Salaam), the pleasure of the Angels ('Alayhim-us-Salaam), and the pleasure of The Sahabaah (RaziyAllahu 'Anhum) count as part of Ikhlaas?

2. If someone does dhikr in a majlis together with other people so that Allah (SubhanaHu Wa Ta'alaa) can mention them in His majlis of Angels ('Alayhim-is-Salaam), does this ruin their Ikhlaas?

3. If a person starts Namaz with a weak but conscious intention that it is for Allah (SubhanaHu Wa Ta'alaa) but their heart feels weak towards praise and is affected by criticism if someone criticises their Namaz, does this mean he had not complete Ikhlaas? How can the heart be unaffected by praise and criticism?

Performing the four sunnats of jumuah before zawaal in the Haramain

Q: The first Adhaan for Jumuah Salaah in both the Haramain Sharifain is given well before Zawaal sets in. Can one perform the Four Sunnats of Jumuah after the first Adhaan is given i.e. before the time of Zawaal?

The second Adhaan is given exactly when the Dhuhr time sets in and the Khutbah commences immediately thereafter. There is no time to perform the sunnats after the second Adhaan as the khutbah commences immediately, and if one stands up to perform his sunnats, he will be performing his sunnats while the Khutbah is being delivered. Should one rather perform these four sunnats after completing the Jumuah Salaah?

Adopting humility

Q:

1. How can one be humble? How does humility feel like in the heart? Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi (Rahimahullah) said that true humility is not felt by a person just like a sleeping person doesn't know he is sleeping. What are the steps one can take to ensure they have no pride in their heart?

2. If someone makes tawbah sincerely, their sins are forgiven. How can one balance this with humility? Humility means seeing ourselves sinful and useless. If one does their best to make tawbah, how can they still feel sinful?

3. Is it against humility to like good traits one has as part of gratefulness to Allah (Subhanahu wa Ta'aalaa)? How can one differentiate between 'ujb and happiness?

Travel agent changing hotels after a package is booked and paid for

Q: I have noticed a few travel agents advertising Umrah packages with such and such hotel, and the words "or similar", next to that. The price is then stated below.

In a recent incident, a package was booked for and paid for about 50 days prior to departure. At the time of booking, it was confirmed that the hotels stated on the advert were available. About ten days prior to departure, the agent sent out a travel voucher for a different hotel (this was supposedly one of the "similar hotels"). The reason given was that the hotel advertised initially was not available or fully booked. However, on arrival in Madinah Munawwarah, the agent then informed that the hotel was changed again.

In some cases, some travelers were told by the agent that they would be staying one night in a certain hotel and thereafter moving to another hotel for the rest of the stay. (This changing of hotels for one night has happened with more than one agent) None of these hotels were mentioned or spoken about before departure.

In another instance, after payment, the agent advised that the airline changed the flight and hence the 12 night package now became an 11 night package.

Is this type of advertising permissible? Is this type of transaction permissible?