Conditions & Fundamentals of Hajj and Umrah

Q: I went for umrah this past summer. After I completed Tawaf and then Saey, I did not get my hair cut until after taking off the ihraam. After Saey, I went to my hotel room and changed from my ihraam into regular clothes before getting a haircut.  Because of this I am told that I need to do dam (sacrifice to Allah for penance/penalty). My question is do I have to do dam in Haram area or can dam be performed anywhere? I am currently in the USA and cannot go back to Haram. 

Q: What should a female do if her period commences during the hajj or while she is on the way for hajj?

Q:

1. I am adopted. Can I do hajj from my mother's money if its halaal? Will I be rewarded it's blessing and status, will my sins be wiped out? If I do it for the sake and will of Allah,  will the obligation of fard be full filled?
2. What if the money is interest based from a bank, will the fard obligation, rewards, blessings will be given fullfilled to the person doing hajj?
3. What if the money is of my worldly mother's brother's money (Halaal earned), can we do hajj from the money or my mother has to ask permission from her brother first?
4. Since I am adopted, my mother doing hajj alongside me, will her fard obligation be fullfilled? Will her blessings be given to her, wiping all the sins done in the past? Will it affect my hajj status and blessing?

Q: If during tawaaf, one goes in the Hateem and not around, does that round of tawaf count?

Q: I am a doctor working in Makkah Makkarrarmah and living here with my family since 2 years. Every time we come from pakistan we perform umrah from the meeqat. 3 days before I came from pakistan, I made niyat for umrah and ihram from the airport and when I reached Makkah my peroids came. So now what should I do?

Q: Is the extra reward for halq over qasr restricted to Hajj and Umrah only or applicable all the time?

Q: Is a hajj that is performed by someone who's money is 100% haraam from selling drugs accepted, the person is a drug dealer. When the person is on Arafat is all his sins also forgiven when returning as a Hajji. Please give a detial explanation & what is the punishment.

Q: I will be embarking on hajj this year insha-Allah, and I want to find out what my correct Islamic duty is with regards to fulfilling long term debts. Do I have to pay the complete amount or ensure that the payments due within that period will be made?

Q: Is it permissible for a female in ihraam to cover her face for a short duration in order to make purdah from non-mahram males (e.g. twenty minutes while boarding the plane)? What happens if she does so, does she have to pay damm?

Q: When a lady goes in ihraam and her periods begin, if her return flight is booked before her periods end, is there any leeway for her and what should she do in this situation? Is it necessary for her to delay her flight or is there any other alternative as well for her to come out of ihraam?