Imaan

Chatting with one's potential spouse before nikaah

Q: Some things are decreed by Allah in which a person has no choice like death and the time of death, but in the case of marriage, a person has a choice in whom he/she chooses as a spouse. Since the person we choose to marry is one of the things which is not predestined/not predetermined by Allah (not to be confused with unknown to Allah for He certainly knows who we will choose with our free will), why are we limiting ourselves by not engaging and chatting to non-mahrams within limits? 

I would have definitely not met and subsequently not married my now spouse had we not engaged and chat to each other. So since the person we marry is not influenced by Allah and is 100% all down to our choosing, why can't we date and interact with people with the intention of nikaah? This is certainly taking means and not being passive.

Having love for Hazrat Muaawiyah (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) and all the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum)

Q: A few days ago, Salmaan Nadwi of India passed away. Some people were praising him, whereas he was a person who spoke ill of the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) – especially Hazrat Muaawiyah (radhiyallahu ‘anhu). He made many derogatory statements about Hazrat Muaawiyah (radhiyallahu ‘anhu) and disgraced him. Is it permissible to praise this man seeing that he reviled the Sahaabah (radhiyallahu ‘anhum) and Hazrat Muaawiyah (radhiyallahu ‘anhu), and he showed them great disrespect until the end of his life?

Renewing one's imaan

Q: If you see a Muslim doing kufr by mocking Islam as an example or doing something else that is kufr, then he later does the 2nd kalima, perhaps for wudhu, but then gets informed that what they did in the past was kufr, is it fine if they just repent without doing the 2nd kalima again? If they don't, are they considered as disbelievers?

Actions to repeat after re-entering the fold of Islam

Q: If someone does kufr or shirk (but later makes tawbah and comes back), do they have to re-do all of the following? 

- previous valid zakat 

- previous valid fitrana+qurbani 

- previous valid prayers + fasts (what if they were in the middle of making up many years worth of qadas?) or can they ignore it and focus on the present and future acts they must do?