Q: Are the following Names of Allah Ta'ala? Are these wordings from authentic sources that can be used in Dua? 

(1) Qadih-al-Hajaat 
(2) Dafi-al-Baliyat 
(3) Hal-lal-Mushkilaat 
(4) Mujeeb-ad-Dawat

Q: Is it necessary to avoid all products having doubtful ingredients, and will a person be sinful consuming such product without checking first (the products are not meat, they have things like e-codes where they may or may not be taken from animal sources or other things that may be taken from animal sources but they are not sure)?

Q: During the last Hajj, me and my mother went to Muzdalifah and performed Maghrib and Isha salah. Then our group leader told us to leave Muzdalifah as it was very crowded and he thought there will a lot of delay in getting the transportation back to Mina. So we left Muzdalifah before Subah Sadiqh. Is Damm wajib on me and my mother? 

Q: I wanted to find out a fatwa regarding weights and measures in my business. 

We are steel traders. We buy steel a certain thickness say 0.2mm but the factories that produce it can’t get the exact thickness due to the production process. So the thickness varies from 0.195 to 0.205mm, sometimes more sometimes less. 

What is the ruling on this because we sell the product as 0.2mm. We sell as per the thickness that we order. We don’t order a lower thickness and sell as a higher thickness. This is purely a production tolerance level as the machines can never get it exact.

Q: Is guesswork and speculation considered kufr if one doesn't claim knowledge of the unseen? 

Examples: 

1. A call comes to the phone, I haven't looked at it, and I speculate it's surely x person with very much confidence and it turns out to be them. And I say "look I knew it"(meaning I am so smart that I guessed it correctly not claiming knowing unseen). 

2. In multiple choice type questions choosing any of the answers blindly. Hoping you'd be correct. You don't know the correct answer and you choosing the answer was blind. Like betting. 

3. Someone asks you to guess what's in their hand and you guess. 

4. Saying a particular fictional story would probably end like the person is expecting. 

In short, is speculation and guesswork in which you have strong confidence that you are right and the one in which you don't have it. Is it considered kufr?

Q: 

1. If a woman got raped by a man and it's proven Islamically, would she also be punished? If not then what would be the punishment of the man. 

2. Does Islam recognize the concept of woman raping a man, for example if she tied his limbs and had intercourse with him. And it was proven that it did happen. Will the man be punished as well? If not then what will be the punishment for the woman?

Q: In my Quran classes we use a para/juz wise booklet. One side of each page has Arabic and it's word to word Urdu translation while the other side is entirely blank lines for us to write the tafseer and notes. There are a few pages of Urdu notes in the starting and ending too. Can this be touched without wudu, because writing tafsir and making notes daily would be a lot difficult otherwise.

Q: I have some questions regarding laughing aloud (such that another person can here you) in salaah. I have seen multiple views and do not know which one is correct. 

1. Can you touch the Quraan afterwards (i.e. is it hadath or not)? 

2. For those who say it is for reprimanding the person, not hadath, according to them can you make tawaaf with that wudhu, or is tawaaf similar to salaah therefore tawaaf is invalid with that wudhu?

Q: If there is 20l of water and a person submerges their hand in the bucket, does the water became unsuitable for istinja and wudhu?

Q: I am from Pakistan. Is keratin treatment for my hair allowed and would it affect my ghusl and how would I know?