Ramadhaan & Fasting

Q: My mother, 58, is diabetic and a high bp patient. Contrary to the doctors advice, she observes the Ramadan fasts, alhamdulilah. However, in her young days, she casually skipped many fasts and accordig to her estimation she has skipped around 200 fasts. Given her present condition (Allah bless her with health and life) she might not be able to makeup for those fasts herself in her life.

I know that a son can observe/makeup fast for their parents after their death. Can I observe those missed fasts for her in her life too? If yes then can I now make niyat for my past nafal fasts to make up for her numbers? If initially its a no then would paying only fidya be enough for making up? Please guide on this matter.

Q: Last Ramdhan I was sailing in the sea, and I couldn't fast for most of it. I was Mufter for a period I don't know exactly. What I know is that it is not less than 18 days. Now I am in shore. What should I do?

Q: Suppose a person has missed fasts of so many years. She also has to fast the days of her periods of the previous Ramadan. Can she first fast for the period days and then make up the fasts of previous 5 to 6 years? Or the fasts have to be kept in sequence. By keeping in sequence it might happen that she doesnot get the time for keeping her period fasts before the next Ramadan.

Q: If a person cannot remember whether he broke his fast in Ramadan or not what should he do?

Q: A person forgetfully drinks water in Ramadan. While drinking water he suddenly remembers that he is fasting. He stops drinking water but while he was remembering that he is fasting he might have drank a little water. That means he drinks a little water remembering that he is fasting, but he did not have any intention to break the fast. He then continues the rest of the day fasting. Is his fasting valid?

Q: Suppose a person has several missed fasts and one broken fast. He knows that he has to pay kaffarah for broken fast but there is no kaffarah for missed fasts. Now can he make up the missed fasts at first and then the broken fast and kaffarah?

Q: About 12 years ago when I was 22 (I guess so), I broke my fast intentionally (I don't want to mention the reason but all I can say is I was with my fiance. And I did not know that the kuffara will be to fast for 60 days consecutively. Now after so many years, I have not only realized that I committed a sin but want to do the kuffara and repent. Please explain to me the procedure and if there are any alternatives and what is more appropriate for me to do.

Q:

1. What is the kaffara for having intercourse with wife in Ramadan while fasting? Both husband and wife have to pay for the kaffara?

2. Do we have to give kaffara for different Ramadan where we had intercourse in different Ramadan?

Q: Why different scholars of India are of the opinion that the moon is not sighted in our country (India) when Saudia and many Islamic countries declare that the moon has been sighted for the celebration of eid. Moreover, some scholars of India celebrate eid upon announcement from Saudia? Is it a good practice?

Q: I didn't take my deen seriously. So, I didn't fast for three years. There was no reason behind it. Should I only do the qada of the fasts or a kaffara should be made?