Ramadhaan & Fasting

Q: Can a person pay fidyah for their fasts before the month of Ramadhaan? Will that be regarded as discharged? 

Q:

1. Is fitra obligatory?

2. Can we pay fitra in advance?

3. What is the time to give fitra, before eid prayer or after eid prayer?

4. Do we have to pay fitra for a guest as well?

Q: As I am fasting I thought the last time for sehri was 3:50am (mistakenly) but the actual last time for sehri was 3:49am. I drank water at 3:50am sharp. Would my fast be valid?

Q: A small amount of water (approximately 2-3 drops) remains in my mouth after I gargle. If I swallow this water mistakenly during fasting, will my fast break? Will it break my fast if I swallow it knowingly?

Q: Can one fast the 6 days of Shawwal as your fard days that you have to pay in together or must it be separate?

Q: Do I have to discharge fitrah of the previous years if I had discharged it on behalf of my baaligh children and my wife without their making me a wakeel for them or asking me to pay it? It was known to some of them that I pay their fitrah every year.

Q: What is the authenticity of sitta Shawwal (the six days fasting after Ramadhaan)?

Q:

1. Does the fast break if a person does a saline nasal rinse/nasal irrigation whilst fasting. The salt solution goes up one nostril and out the other. Sometimes the solution comes out the mouth as well.

2. If a person didn't know the masalah and did it whilst fasting, will their fast break?

Q: Do the Ramadhaan qadha fasts have to be made up in a continous manner?

Q: Will my fast during Ramadhaan break if water enters the anus while cleaning after defecating and sometime even reaching the stomach via the anus? Do I have to fast again or not?