Ramadhaan & Fasting

Q: If a women is pregnant and the doctor recommends not fasting for the health of the baby, can she miss the fasts of Ramadan and make them up after the baby is born?

Q:

1) If a person intentionally keeps masturbating and ejaculating during whole ramazan since he fasted 1st roza of his life so will masturbating and ejaculating broke his roza?

2) If rozas have broken due to masturbating will he have to done qaza for each roza or he will have to pay kaffara for each roza?

3) What is the qaza and kaffara of one broken roza intentionally?

Q: I was recently informed by a friend that there is no need to fast on the 9th or 11th of Muharram together with the 10th in this era, as the element of tashabbuh (emulation) of the Jews is no longer found. Is this correct?

Q: Can we fast on the 9th, 10th and 11th of Muharram?

Q: Please guide us as to when should we fast for Aashura?

Q: The fast of the day of hajj, youm-e-arafah has great significance. When should people living in other countries observe fast? According to the 9th zilhajja of their country or when it is Hajj in Saudi Arabia?

Q: I would like to know if it is a Sunaah to keep ten fast for the first ten days of Muharram?

Q: Can we fast for the Isaal-e-sawaab of Hazrat Husain (radhiyallahu anhu) on the occasion of Aashura? Is there any benefit or special reward that Allah Ta'ala will grant us?

Q: If one fasts on the ninth and tenth or tenth and eleventh of Muharram​ with the intention of a qadha fast, will one receive the reward of the fast of Aashura?

Q: I'm curious that every time I make wudhu during fasting; water is held in my mouth and even after spitting it out twice or thrice I still swallow water mixed with saliva, what is the ruling? Is my fast invalid?