Hajj & Umrah

Does one need to tie ihraam when flying over the miqaat when going to Madinah?

Q: Alhamdulillah a few years back Allah had afforded me with the opportunity to perform umrah. We flew from Jhb to Madina, and from Madina then took a taxi to the miqaat to tie ihraam and proceed to perform umrah. However while flying we flew over the miqaat, and I was wondering, were we supposed to tie ihraam on the plane before landing in Madina.If yes, then should dumm be paid?

Leaving Muzdalifah before wuqoof

Q: A friend and his family were not able to stay in muzdalifah on Youm-u-nahar in between fajar to tuloo', not even for 5 mins as they were forced to leave muzdalifah @12:30 (at night) as they were having toddlers and womenfolk with them, so they were not able to offer fajr namaz there in muzdalifah.

One mufti sb told that they should have left the women in mina and came back for wuqoof in muzdalifah, hence they have to offer damm. Another mufti sb told that there is no need for damm. Both are great Deobandi mufti's. What should they do?

Sister wishing to go for umrah while one is saving money for hajj

Q: I have been saving an amount for the purpose of Hajj (for me and my wife). Suddenly I have been asked by my elder sister to go for Umrah because she does not have any other mehram. Knowing Hajj is Farz while Umrah is Nafil, is it permissible for me to perform Umrah before Hajj with the amount I had saved. (My sister has already performed Hajj once with my father in the past but I have not).

Standing for long periods at the mubaarak grave of Rasulullah (sallallahu alaihi wasallam)

Q: In Madinah, when standing to give salam to the Nabi ﷺ at his blessed grave, the guards usually tell you to move away after a short while. Therefore you are not able to convey salams on behalf of all people who have asked you to do so. What some people do is that they despite being told off by the guards secretly stay longer until the guards physically push them away. Is it permissible to do so, given that you are certain that you do not cause harm and do not disrupt the flow of people by staying longer? Or is it necessary to immediately obey the command of the guards to move?