Business and Dealings

Selling something that is non-existent at the time of the sale

Q: I sell eggs and I keep my stock at my parents’ shop. Once, a staff member from my parents’ shop had taken from my stock which is kept separately and sold it to the customer. It was brought to my attention a while later. As the products were more expensive, I had discounted them when sending the invoice although the goods had already been sold to the customer. Is this permissible?

Using violence to retrieve money from a debtor

Q: To what extent can a person go, in shariat, when it comes to a person getting his money out of a debtor.

1. Can he resort to violence by sending someone behind the debtor to give him a good thrashing?

2. If a person hired a debt collector, can he impose the fees on the debtor as he was the cause of these undue expenses?

3. If not, will the masalah change if the debtor had signed before taking goods on account, that in the event of default in payment, all expenses incurred to retrieve the debt will be borne by the debtor?

4. Can one send someone to forcefully take the debtors car away and sell it to retrieve his money?

5. If one comes to know that someone else is owing the debtor some money, can one take that money straight from that person without the debtor's qabdah or allowance? Will this be permissible for the person owing the debtor the money, i.e. will his debt be discharged?

Asking for a bribe

Q: If someone has many subordinates (workers under him) who daily comes to him for approval of their work. Can he ask them to provide him with something to eat if they want their work to be done before others?

Advising Muslim clients not to purchase properties that have haraam businesses and occupations as tenants

Q: As an estate agent I regularly deal in property. Often I am faced with confusion when fellow Muslims wish to buy a property that is currently leased to a non Muslim and haram organisations. Below are some examples of tenants whose buildings are for sale, and I have to advise Muslims whether it is permissible for them to buy in or not:

1. Non Muslim homes

2. Supermarkets that sell haram products

3. Liquor stores

4. Gambling dens

5. Non Muslim places of worship