Salaah

Q: Zaid was working on the roof of an attic. When it was Salah time, instead of coming down from the rooftop, he prayed Salah on top of the roof of the attic. Is the Salah valid? 

Q: A sick person who has a chest infection, phlegm comes out on regular basis, when in salah the phlegm is in the mouth and the sick person is unable to recite anything so he spits in to a utensil to clear the mouth, is the salah valid?

Q:

1. In witr salaah in the month of Ramadhaan, how should a masbooq complete his salaah?

2. Is it wajib for the masbooq to recite dua-e-qunoot when he stands up to complete his salaah?

3. In which rakaat will the masbooq recite dua-e-qunoot?

Q: What is qasr?

Q: Can an imam lead Taraweeh Salaah while looking at the Quran on a watch? As you know now there are smart watches. Those smart watches can automatically scroll the mushaf, so you don't even have to move or touch the screen. What's the ruling regarding this?

Q: I have a continuous pain in my back. I can perform one or two salaah standing and doing sajda on the ground but after that, the pain is so enhanced that I cannot even stand straight. I perform my salaah by sitting on a chair, is my salah is valid or not?

Q: Is it correct to say that salaah was the first command (or possibly one of the first commands?) to be given to every single messenger?

Q: A غير مقلد Islamic teacher said that speaking out the niyyah before praying is bid'ah because it is not proved by sunnah or Sahaabah. Is it right?

Q: Is Tahajjud accepted when we did not offer Isha Namaaz?

Q: Is sajda-e-sahw for farz, Wajib and sunnat muakkada salah only or do you have to do it if you make a mistake in nafil salah as well?