Salaah

Q: I want to know what is takbeer-e-ula?

Q: In regards to saying dua between two sajood during prayer; I contacted local Mufti and received fatwa that reading dua between two sajoods during prayer (Rabigh Firlee) is against the Sunaha of Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam); so there is no need for sajada-e-Sahu if someone don't read dua between two sajoods. I am 35 years old and never read Rabigh Firlee between two sajoods but during Hajj last year; I read in a book that of someone don't say "Rabigh Firlee" between two sajoods then he has to perform Sajad-e- Sahu and since then I am saying this dua between two sajoods. But after I contacted local Mufti for authenticity of this dua; he advised that it is against Sunnah. Please clarify.

Q: Does qadha namaaz exist? Some people say the the prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) has not said anything like replacing a missing prayer. If it exists, when does maghrib namaaz become qadha?

Q: I though I was in Qasar and performd some salaah (Not with Jamaat) 2 Rakats of asr, 3 of magrib , 2 of isha. Later I came to know that I am not in qasar. Is my prayer valid?

Q: Is it permissible for a person who gave the iqaamah to lead the congregation as an Imam?

Q: What is the correct way of performing witr Salaah?

Q: I travelled to the city from a village which is 220 km away. I will stay here for two months. I thought I was in Qasar and offered Salaah with Jamaat in the musjid. Are my Salaahs valid?

Q: If musallees walk out of jamaat salaah just because they think the Imaam is arrogant and they have issues with him, is this correct? Some who feel the same still pray in the masjid behind him but then go home and repeat it. Is this correct? 

Q: I've heard that a woman who leaves from her home in a state of haidh and then becomes paak at her travel destination does not perform half the amount of rakaats but performs the normal amount. May I please have the reference for this.

Q:

1. If a person is a Haafiz, is it permissible for him to recite the Qur'an in front of everybody without a topi?

2. Can he lead the namaaz?