Aqaaid

Taqdeer

Q: I was in a discussion recently about does Allah know our intentions and choices before we make them? I believe Allah knows all things before present and after his knowledge is compelled by time. But I don't know how to explain to my brother the issue of free will. Like he says if Allah knows our choices before we make them then he knows from birth if heaven or hell will be our abode then why put us on earth to test us when Allah knows our outcome already? So if Allah knows then its almost like programming. Please help me to explain or to make Allah knows all our choices even before our creation or birth or am I wrong?

The Khawaarij

Q: Can you please inform me what group exactly is the "khawaarij" and who are they? What are their characteristics? Do they still exist today? What is the definition of khawaarij? And I heard many people saying that the group Isil falls under the khawaarij. Is this true?

Sighting the moon with a telescope

Q:

1) Kindly explain why Shari'at would allow the aid of spectacles to sight the moon but not the aid of a stronger medium like a pair of binoculars?

2) Kindly explain why the sighting of the moon from the Mount Everest at 8.8 km above sea level would be acceptable but not from an aircraft flying at a lower altitude of 5 km above sea level?

Celebrating birthdays

Q: I have a question regarding birthdays. Can we as Muslims celebrate birthdays? I know the answer is no, but a friend of mine told me that if you just cut the cake and only invite one or two friends just to make your child happy, then it's not gunaah and you wont be punished for it. So is this true? Can we celebrate our child's birthday just the way she said?