Salaah

Q: If a person is incapable of making du’ā in Arabic during his salāh, may he make du’ā in any other language? I read that if he is able to make du’ā in Arabic, then there exists a difference of opinion in the permissibility of doing so in a different language while in salāh. According to Imām Abū Yūsuf and Imām Muhammad, it is impermissible and the prayer will not be valid.  On the other hand, according to Imām Abū Hanīfah, the prayer will be valid, but it is makrūh (disliked) to do so. Is this true? But the question is what if a person is incapable of making du’ā in Arabic during his salāh? Is it permissible without being makruh?

Q: What are the "Dua's" that Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) read in last tashud after darood shareef? Is there any proof that Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) used to pray "Rab be jaalnee mo qee ma asala tee............. " dua after darood shareef in Namaz?

Q:

1. What is the status of Salaah performed with short sleeves (shirts/kurtas)?

2. What is the reason for it being makrooh?

I heard that Nabi (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam's) under arm or to the effect became visible while in salaah due to the sleeves being broad or wide. The portion above the elbow became visible as with short sleeves.

Q: What is the latest one can start his Salaah in order that the salaah be considered as adaa'? If one starts his Salaah in the Salaah time, and during the salaah, the time ends, does the salaah get invalidated or does it count as qadha?

Q: We are taught that at the time of salaah we should close our businesses and proceed to the musjid. What about those businesses that are extremely huge and require a lot of time to clear the customers out e.g. wholesalers, major supermarkets, factories, etc? Is it permissible for these businesses to remain open?

Q: While performing esha salaat the imam performed 2 rakaats and made the first salaam one member of the jammat corrected him by saying subhanallah loudly. The Imam continued and made the second salaam completing the Esha salaat.The Imam got up and performed other salaat. The Imam is not a musaffir. What should the rest of the jamaat do?

Q: If a hanafi Imaam recites an Aayat of sajdah (that is according to Imam shaafi'ee Rahimahullah and not according to Imam Abu Hanifah Rahimahullah e.g: The Aayat of sajdah that appears at the end of the 17th juz) in salaah, and he is followed by muqtadis of the different mazhaahib, then what should he do in this situation. If he doesn't make sajdah will their salaah be valid? Is there a solution to this?

Q: Please inform me about sajdah-e-shukr. Which mazhabs says it is jaaiz and which says it is not?

Q: Someone missed Dhuhr for a valid reason, then without forgetting he did knowingly not make it up but prayed, Asr, Magrib, Isha+Witr, then next days Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr then Maghrib time entered, then he made his missed Dhuhr up. In this situation all the prayers he has prayed (before making the missed Dhuhr up) are they valid? Also what if he prayed Asr, Maghrib then Isha time entered then he prayed the missed Dhuhr. In this situation are Asr and Maghrib valid?

Q: How must the saffs of women be if the room is small? Can men muqtadis (more than one) read 1 foot behind the Imaam on right and ladies one saff behind?