Business and Dealings

Q: I beseech you in the Name of Allah to look at the scenario below and give me an opinion based on Shariah, I will try and explain this as best and as summarized as I can:-

Parties to this deal:-

1. Me
2. My cousin
3. The seller
4. Loan company

A seller wants to sell a butchery and also his farm

I call my cousin, who previous to going to work at his late Dads business, used to work in accounts and bookkeeping for approx 12 years. I explain to him that there is a business available that includes a butchery and a farm, he shows interest, so I ask that he come down and have a look at it, which he duly does as he had a keen interest in this type of business.

He spends approx one week on the farm going through the books and figures for the farm and butchery with the farm and butchery managers, he then gives me a two page breakdown in his own writing showing the profitability of both the farm and the butchery. We agree that WE will purchase this business from the seller and we will be partners.

He returns home, with the agreement that he will pack up his things and move down with his family to run said business.

Seller was, according to seller, in financial difficulty and needed some money urgently, so I called my cousin and we agreed that in the interim, I would pay seller R300,000 and take control of the butchery while my cousin was still preparing to come down with his family and belongings.

I duly did this, paid seller R300,000 and “took charge” of the butchery, in that the butchery manager continued to run the place but all sales would be given to me and that money was ALL used to pay seller for stock in trade, any money left over was handed to my cousin when he moved down.

My cousin relocated to the farm with his family, he duly put his younger brother to “take charge” of the butchery and he started to run the farm, he met with me shortly after to say that partnerships don’t work so he would like this entire business for himself (not even a share to his brother) to which I agreed as long as he paid me back, he agreed!

It was agreed from the start, that my cousin would use his late Dads freehold home to raise funds for the purchase of the farm BUT after running the farm for a month, my cousin met with me to let me know that he thinks the farm was NOT making any money and hence he would need the money he was raising against his late Dads home to run the farm, to which I agreed assuming that he knew what he was doing.

Out of regret and shame from my part, I agreed that I would financially help him and even share in the debt ON CONDITION that the books/accounts of the business be given to me monthly.

We met numerous times with seller, who very confused that the farm was now not making money, but based on his relationship with me, agreed to wait few months for my cousin to “turn things around”. Seller also agreed to come in and help my cousin because maybe he did not know how to run it efficiently, to which my cousin took offense and declined the offer of help from seller.

During the 10 months that followed and with some debt carried forward from before, he now owed me a total of R140,636.

To try and summarize, a period of approx. 10 months passed and my cousin claimed he had “lost” the R650,000 he raised against his late Dads home and now he wanted out, so he was going to pack up and move back to where he WAS before his Dad passed away, he claimed he had already secured a job so as to pay back the loan.

He subsequently NEVER ever gave me any books/accounts of the business, when asked about it, he said he had no time, so I even offered to get my accountants to do it, at my cost, to which he bluntly refused.

Before he left, and after convincing me that the butchery was also running at a big loss, he sold “the spot” for R100,000 and deposited that money into my account.

And so he left, taking with him majority of the goods from the butchery and the farm.

In the 18 months that followed, he sold his late Dads home to pay off his mum, brothers and sister but not before settling the loan amount he borrowed and settling debt his late father had left, he claimed that his brothers and sister had to lose a bit off their shares so he could settle the loan.

He never spoke of paying me back and now he claims he can pay me only R120,000 towards the R140,636 that he owes me and, that to, in installments over 5 years, also he claims, he owes me nothing towards the R200,000 I paid for the butchery as that was “mine” because I paid the seller without him and when he was not even present.

My questions are:

1. If the butchery was mine, like he now claims, does it mean that all items, removed by him and he refuses to return, can be considered by me as stolen?
2. If he says it was all his business and so what he removed from the butchery is not stealing, then am I not entitled to my R200,000 back as well?
3. I owe my Uncle R150,000, he has agreed to accept the installments my cousin proposes, to knock off part of my debt with him, am I allowed to let my uncle collect the installments directly from my cousin?
4. Am I considered bound to my commitment to share his so-called debt given that he, to date, has never ever given me books/accounts to the business and, in fact, refuses to do so and has even refused to give my Uncle the books/accounts?

I understand that you only have my version but I make Allah a witness between us, that I have told you the truth so I ask of you to please give me the Shariah opinion on this.

Q: We have business tenants who persistently don’t pay rentals on time. It appears that they are in fact able to pay, but deliberately withhold the money and instead utilise it to effect early settlement with suppliers in order to get an early settlement discount. In the case of such tenants, is it permissible to charge a late payment fee if the rental due is not paid on time?

Q: I would like to know whether we can do savings of money to buy a house or keeping extra money in bank is not good and one will be accountable for it before Allah Ta'ala?

Q: My question pertains to interest which I know is forbidden in Islam and is seen as a great sin. But in the UK, through mortgages, insurances, etc., it seems virtually impossible to avoid riba (interest). I have looked into Islamic banking in the UK but I see it to be an awful alternative as it still essentially charges riba but with some clever play on words and has been dismissed by the consensus of scholars. So my question is: how do you live in the UK without participating in interest as I am struggling to see alternatives?

Q: Please could you inform me what is the ruling on vehicle and property insurance with takaful? I am aware that conventional insurance is not allowed, but is it allowed if taken out with takaful? And if not are there any halaal insurance options available?

Q: Is it permissible to use a credit card if one ensures that the balance is always positive and never goes into credit? Also, interest is paid to the cardholder because the account has money in it, but every month the amount is reversed when requested.

Q: If two people invest equally in a building, will it be permissible for one partner to receive a bigger percentage of the profit of the business they commence if the other agrees? Will the ruling change if they first form a partnership, and then the partnership purchases the building, as it purchases stock of trade?

Q: I have written a business plan but don't have money to start the business. In this situation one of my friend suggested me to go through www.kickstarter.com. It is an online fund raising site for the projects to raise money in the form of donations by people. Is this permissible? and to highlight the project I need to tell some lies. I don't have any other way to get money. I can't get bank loans because of security problems. Please tell me by taking money this way can I start my business? Is it permissible in Islam? I was unable to decided but rather then choosing the wrong way to get money, it is better to beg for the money in front of rich and kind heart people to achieve my dreams. Every one has just one life to live and I want to do something with my life please help me. Give me any dua... which will bring me unlimited success. Whatever stands in my way I always want to came out as a winner. Please tell me some dua to get a success with reference.

Q:

1.    I remember hearing in a program that a person needs to take possession of an item before selling it. I sometimes receive inquiries about my product from people living in other provinces. My supplier is prepared to make courier arrangements for delivery directly to the customer with adding the courier costs to the price of the product. Although the customer receives the goods directly from my supplier, they do not know this as they pay me for the goods and courier costs and I pay the supplier in turn. Is this permissible?
2.    Some items are costly and I do not keep any stock with me. Is it permissible for me to charge the customer and then order the goods?
3.    I am also the distributor for an item which is made in another province. I do not have a vehicle of my own to transport the goods and the space to store bulk orders. Is it permissible for me to take orders from customers and get the transport company to deliver directly to the customer?

Q: If we keep our money in savings account or fixed deposit account in a general bank then is it lawful to use the interest money the bank is giving on the money? Moreover what does shariah say about taking home loan or car loan or education loan?