Salaah

Q: While doing sajdah women should touch their elbows to the ground. This is according to which maslak?

Q:

1. Could you please provide a hadith with translation  which proves that Prophet Sallalahu alaihe wasalaam recited durood and duaa in the first Qaidah of sunnat e ghair muakkadah salaah &  Sana in the third rakaah of sunnat e ghair muakkadah salaah as what the Fuqaha mention that the above method  is afdhal?
2. Is there a hadith which proves that Prophet Sallalahu alaihe wasalaam didn't recite durood and duaa in the first Qaidah of sunnat e ghair muakkadah salaah &  Sana in the third rakaah of sunnat e ghair muakkadah salaah?

Q: I had prayed witr, and few minutes later I thought I had forgot to make sajdah sahw so I decided to re-pray it. I made intention for witr and made takbir and after it I realised that I prayed the witr correctly so I made salam and left the prayer without completing it. Then I thought, since I started and broke it, I must pray it either way. So I prayed it. Is what I did correct? 

Q: If you are praying and notice that you are preventing someone from going past you because of your prayer, is it permissable in this case to move slighly (e.g. 1 step) to give the person space to pass? Or will this be like obeying a command from outside the prayer, hence invalidating it?

Q: Last Friday I made a mistake when I looked at the prayer times on the internet. The site I looked at gave two times for Esha. One time for 17 degrees (which is the view of Abu Yusuf, Imaam Muhammad, Shafi, Maalik, Ahmad bin Hanbal) and one time for 19 degrees (which is the opinion of Abu Hanifa). The mosque I go to use an even a earlier time of 15 degrees for Esha. My calendar at home uses 12 degrees. Now last Friday the time for Esha for 17 degrees was 23:10 and for 19 degrees it was 23:33 o'clock. Now when I go to the mosque for Esha I pray with the jamaat who pray at 15 degrees for Esha. But when I pray at home I used to pray at 19 degrees. So last Friday I prayed Esha with my brother at home by mistake at 17 degrees, and the next day on Saturday I prayed also on 17 degrees. I came to know this the next day on Sunday after Fajr time was expired. Now what should I do? I am not sure what to do therefore I ask you. Can I consider them valid as I prayed at 17 degrees which is valid according to all Imaams except Abu Hanifa? Or must I repeat first those two Esha and Witr prayer before I pray the current prayer of the time? If yes, what about the prayers I prayed in the meanwhile before getting your answer? Or should I wait until 6 prayers are passed over the Esha prayer I peformed at 17 degrees, then pray those two Esha and Witr prayers at any time? Or did I have to repeat those two Esha and witr prayers, then repeat the Fajr then pray the prayer that is coming i.e. Dhuhr?

Q: If a person has an excuse to perform the two rakaats fardh of fajr at home, can he perform his Salaah just after the azaan has commenced or does he have to wait until the time the two rakaat fardh are being performed in the musjid? 

Q: My question is that we read the Alhamdu shareef in our namaz. When we read namaz in jamaat then do we need to read the Alhamudu shareef or not? 

Q: Is it permissible to make esha early in shafi time if one is travelling similar to reading asar early in shafi time?

Q: Is it obligatory for a female to cover her head during the time of 'Azaan' when she is at home? If not then why muslim women act like this? 

Q: If a person was supposed to make Sajdah Sahw but forgot and made both Salaams, then what should he do? Can he make Sajdah Sahw immediately or should he repeat the Salaah?